Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NHG > dyslipidemia > Flashcards

dyslipidemia Flashcards

1
Q

who should be screened for HLD

A

men and women >40yo

younger adults >18yo if they have CAD risk factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the risk factors for CAD

A

DM
tobacco use, HTN
family hx of CVD before 50yo in male relatives and before 60yo in females
familial hyperlipidemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

very high risk for HLD criteria

A

established CAD, atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease , aortic aneurysm or peripheral arterial disease
DM + CKD
familial hypercholesterolemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

high risk for HLD criteria

A

moderate to severe CKD (eGFR <60ml/min)
DM without established CAD, atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease , aortic aneurysm or peripheral arterial disease or CKD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the LDL target for very high risk group

A

<2.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the LDL targets for high risk group

A

<2.6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the LDL targets for intermediate risk group

A

<3.4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the LDL targets for the low risk group

A

< 4.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MOA of statins

A

catalyses the rate limiting step in hepatic intracellular cholesterol synthesis.
inhibition indirectly causes increased cellular uptake of LDL molecules and lower the intravascular circulating LDL concentration effectively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ADR of statins

A

GI (after food)
hepatotoxicity (counsel jaundice)
muscle breakdown (counsel unexplained muscle pain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

statins contraindications

A

active liver disease

alcoholism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

statins preggo?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

statins BF

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which are the 3 statins that must be at night

A

fluva, lova, simva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which are the 3 statins that can be given anytime

A

prava, atorva, rosuva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

low intensity LDL reduction options (4)

A

silva 10
prava 10-20
lova 20
fluva 20-40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

moderate intensity statin therapy (high risk patients) (6)

A 
atorva 10-20
rosuva 5-10
simva 20-40
prava 40-80
lova 40 
fluva 80 (40bd)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

high intensity (very high risk patients) (2)

A

atorva 80

rosuva 20-40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

name the cholesterol absorption inhibitor

A

ezetimibe 10mg

20
Q

Use of ezetimibe

A

lower LDL

21
Q

how does ezetimibe work

A

selectively block absorption of dietary and biliary cholesterol through intestinal wall `

22
Q

dosing of ezetimibe

A

10 OD with or without food

23
Q

ADR of ezetimibe

A

diarrhoea

24
Q

DDI of ezetimibe

A

2h hours before or 4 hours after cholestyramine

25
Q

ezetimibe preggo

A

ok (c)

26
Q

name 2 fabric acids

A

gemfibrozil

fenofibrate

27
Q

what are fabric acids used for

A

lower TG

28
Q

is fenofibrate or gemfibrozil more effective in lowering LDL

A

fenofibrate

29
Q

gemfibrozil dosing

A

600mg bd

30 min before food

30
Q

fenofibrate dosing

A

100mg ads or 300om with food

maintenance 100mg bd, max 100mg ads

31
Q

gemfibrozil and fenofibrate conversion

A

gemfibrozil 1200 mg = fenofibrate 300mg

32
Q

ADR of fibric acids (5)

A

nausea, dyspepsia, stomach pain, rash, liver enzyme elevation

33
Q

contraindications for fabric acids

A 
pre-exisiting gallbladder disease 
hepatic dysfunction 
severe renal disease 
- CrCl<50
- no fenofibrate if CrCl <30ml/min 
- low dose if CrCl 30-59
34
Q

how does warfarin affect fibric acid

A

increase warfarin level, may need to decrease warfarin dose

35
Q

statin and fabric acid DDI

A

may increase risk of myopathy

36
Q

fibric acid preggo?

A

cat c

37
Q

name a bile acid sequestrate

A

cholestyramine

38
Q

cholestyramine MOA

A

resins bind to bile acid in intestines, exit body via feces, liver converts more cholesterol into bile acids –> lower cholesterol

39
Q

cholestyramine dosing

A

4g 1-2 times a day

max 24g/day

40
Q

ADR of cholestyramine

A

abdominal fullness, gas, constipation, bloating, nausea, dyspepsia

take with at least 180ml of water to minimise constipation

41
Q

cholestyramine DDI

A

many DDI due to binding

42
Q

when to discontinue cholestyramine

A

TG > 4.5mmol/L

43
Q

nicotinic acid usage

A

increase HDL and decrease TG

44
Q

nicotinic acid ADR

A

flushing, pruritus
titrate slowly and take with food
aspirin 100-300mg 30-60 min prior to administration

GI distress (titrate slowly and take with food)
hepatotoxicity
hyperuricemia
hyperglycaemia

45
Q

contraindications of nicotinic acid

A

liver disease, active PUD

GERD, DM, gout

46
Q

DDI of nicotinic acid

A

statin
adrenergic blocking agents
antioxidants may interfere with HDL raising effects of niacin

47
Q

place in therapy for HLD for omega 3 FA

A

inhibit hepatic TF synthesis, Lowe TF

2-4g of EPA+DHA

NHG (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions