Dyslipidaemia

Question 1

what are the normal levels of cholesterol?

Answer 1

Total cholesterol

• <200mg/dL – normal
• 200 – 239: borderline high
• 240 or more: high

HDL < 40mg/dL – lower than desirable

TG < 150 mg/dL - normal

Question 2

define dyslipidaemia?

Answer 2

elevation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides or both

Question 3

what are the risk factors for hyperlipidaemia?

Answer 3

Family history of hyperlipidaemia

Corneal arcus <50 yrs old

Xanthomata or xanthelesmata

Question 4

what are the 4 types of dyslipidaemia?

Answer 4

• common primary hyperlipidaemia
• familial primiary hyperlipidaemia
• secondary hyperlipidaemia
• mixed hyperlipidaemia

Question 5

describe common primary hyperlipidaemia?

Answer 5

accounts for 70% of hyperlipidaemia

Only LDL high

Question 6

what is the cause of familial hyperlipidaemia?

Answer 6

multiple phenotypes - auto dom - caused by mutations in the gene which encodes the LDL-receptor protein

Frst-degree relatives have a 50% chance of having the disorder and should therefore be offered screening.

This includes children who should be screened by the age of 10 years if there is one affected parent