Dysfunctions of the Eye

Question 1

myopia

Answer 1

nearsighted, eye is elongated, corrected using concave lens

Question 2

hyperopia

Answer 2

farsighted, the eye is shortened, corrected using convex lenses

Question 3

refraction

Answer 3

light rays slow/bend when passing through the cornea

Question 4

optic chiasm

Answer 4

pathway from eyes to brain, info from left eyes goes through right chaism/ vice versa

Question 5

How eyes focus on far

Answer 5

ciliary muscles relax
tension on suspensory ligaments
tension pulls on lens
lens flattens + focus on image

Question 6

How eyes focus on near

Answer 6

ciliary muscles contract
tension off suspensory ligaments
less pull on lens
lens bulges + focuses on image

Question 7

photoreception pathway

Answer 7

light
enters cornea
aqueous humor
lens
vitreous humor
retina
optic nerve
occipital lobe

Question 8

cataracts

Answer 8

clouding of the lens

Question 9

astigmatism

Answer 9

uneven curvature of the lens

Question 10

glaucoma

Answer 10

built-up pressure of aqueous humor that damages the retina / cause vision loss

Question 11

Macular degeneration

Answer 11

damage to macula/fovea centralis causes blurred central vision