DYSFUNCTIONAL- BIASES

Question 0

BECK ET AL

Answer 0

Agreement on diagnosis for 153 patients was only 54%
Due to vague criteria for diagnosis and inconsistent techniques used to gather data
Reliability decreases and validity

Question 1

COPPER ET AL

Answer 1

Using the early DSM system found it to be unreliable
New York psychiatrists twice as likely to diagnose schizophrenia than London psychiatrists who were twice as likely to diagnose mania or depression

Shows the DSM is unreliable and lacks validity

Question 2

ROSENHAN

Answer 2

8 ‘normal’ people were able to be admitted to a psychiatric hospital by claiming to hear voices such as thud empty and hollow…
Highlights the flaws in the diagnostic system

Question 3

TEMERLINE

Answer 3

Found that clinically trained psychiatrist and clinically trained psychologists could be influenced in their diagnosis by hearing the opinion of a respected authority
INVESTIGATOR BIAS

Question 4

However DSM constantly revised so is?

Answer 4

Improved in reliability, has standardised techniques, a Multi axial tool & specific diagnostic criteria

Question 5

DI NARDO ET AL

Answer 5

Reliability of DSM - 111- R studies for anxiety disorders
Found high reliability for OCD
Lower reliability for generalised anxiety disorders