Dynamic ret and Near Add Flashcards
What is accommodative lag?
When less accommodation is being used than is needed (underuse)
Patient can see further away than expected, is looking ‘behind’ the target
What is considered ‘normal’ lag for pre-presbyopes?
+0.25 to +0.75D
What is accommodative lead?
More accommodation is used than needed (overuse)
Patient can see a target closer than expected
How do you work out the accommodative response?
Expected accommodation - actual accommodation
e.g. if expected = +3.00, and neutrality is at +2.00, response = +1.00D
If lag is over +1.00D, what could be the cause?
Accommodative dysfunction
Overminused rx (causes accommodation)
Near ESOP (converging more bc of reduced accomm, trying to induce accomm)
Presbyope
If lead is over -0.25D, what could be the cause?
Near EXOP
Accommodative spasm
Latent hyperopia
Under corrected myope
What is the dioptric value of 50cm?
2D
What is the dioptric value of 25cm?
4D
What is the dioptric value of 75cm?
1.25D
What is the dioptric value of 20cm?
5D
What is the dioptric value of 33cm?
3D
What is the dioptric value of 40cm?
2.50D
What is the dioptric value of 80cm?
1.25D
What is the dioptric value of 67cm?
1.50D
What is the dioptric value of 44cm?
2.25D
What is the dioptric value of 57cm?
1.75D
What is the normal AOA and near point for a 5 year old?
AOA: 15D
Near point: 5cm
What is the normal AOA and near point for a 10 year old?
AOA: 12.50D
Near point: 8cm
What is the normal AOA and near point for a 20 year old?
AOA: 9.75D
Near point: 10cm
What is the normal AOA and near point for a 30 year old?
AOA: 7.25D
Near point: 14cm
What is the normal AOA and near point for a 40 year old?
AOA: 4D
Near point: 25cm
What is the normal AOA and near point for a 50 year old?
AOA: 2.50D
Near point: 40cm
What is the normal AOA and near point for a 60 year old?
AOA: 1.25D
Near point: 80cm
What is the normal AOA and near point for a 70 year old?
AOA: 0.50D
Near point: 200cm
What is the normal AOA and near point for a 75 year old?
AOA: 0D
Near point: Infinity
How much of the AoA is used at once most of the time?
Half to a third
When does presbyopia become clinically significant?
In px’s 40s
What can cause earlier clinically significant presbyopia?
Hot climate
Short arms
Short WD
Hyperopes