Dx of Pregnancy and Prenatal Care Flashcards

1
Q

During the first trimester, why is it not a good sign if the patient does not have fatigue, nausea, vomiting, or breast tenderness?

A

All of the those symptoms are a result of high hCG levels produced by the trophoblast. They usually disappear after the first trimester, however, if they disappear earlier it could be a sign of a poor pregnancy with possibility of an early abortion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Chadwick’s Sign?

A

Bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia resulting from increased blood flow. It is considered an indication of pregnancy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Chloasma?

A

Hyperpigmentation of the face (tan or dark skin) resulting from pregnancy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Difference between a qualitative aand quantitative b-hCG test.

A

Qualitative: used to determine only if a patient is pregnant or not.

Quantitative: used to monitor the progress of the pregnancy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is the estimated date of delivery (EDD) determined?

A

By the FDLNMP or the earliest fetal ultrasound.

FDLNMP is more reliable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How accurate is fetal ultrasound in determining EDD?

A

If performed during:
6-11 weeks gestation, accurate to within a week
12-20 weeks, accurate within 10 days
3rd trimester, accurate within 3 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the difference between gestational age and embryological age.

A

Gestational age is usually 2 weeks older than embryologic age. This is because gestational age is based on FDLNMP and conception can occur up to 2 weeks after this.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is considered a full term pregnancy?

A

37-42 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is ectopic pregnancy diagnosed?

A

Absence of intrauterine gestational sac on transvaginal ultrasound once the quantitative b-hCG level reaches 1500

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When is the best time to start prenatal vitamins?

A

3 month prior to conception, drops risk of miscarriage by 50% compared to a patient that has not started them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the normal prenatal visit schedule?

A

Every 4 weeks until week 28
Every 2-3 weeks from week 28-36
Every week from week 36 to delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an RPR test?

A

Rapid Plasma Reagin test:

test that looks for non-specific antibodies in the blood of the patient that may indicate that syphilis is present.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why are TSH and urinalysis tests performed on the first prenatal visit?

A

TSH: hypothyroidism can lead to miscarriage
Urinalysis: asymptomatic bactiuria can lead to early labor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is PAPP-A and why is it screened in the 1st trimester?

A

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A: if it is lower than normal, there is a possibility of down syndrome.

(high Inhibin A, b-hCG and total hCG can also indicate down syndrome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What kind of Ultrasound screen can indicate Down Syndrome?

A

Increased opacity of the Nuchal lucency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two Trisomy and Open Neural Tube Defect (ONTD) DIAGNOSTIC tests and when are they used?

A

They are used in advanced maternal age (35 or older).

Amniocentesis (15-20 weeks)
chorionic villi sampling (12-14 weeks)

17
Q

What is Cell-Free Fetal DNA?

A

Analysis of fetal DNA in maternal serum. Non-invasive testing that can be done as early as 10 weeks to check for trisomy 21, 18, 13

18
Q

What 4 labs are done at 24-28 weeks gestation?

A

CBC
Glucola Test for gestational diabetes
Rh phenotype (if negative give Rhogam)
Vaginal Culture

19
Q

Most common time where Rh incompatibility can harm the fetus.

A

At the time of delivery

20
Q

When is Rhogam administered?

A

In any Rh (-) mother at 28 weeks and post partum with an Rh(+) fetus.

Also with any trauma, amniocentesis, placental abruption, ectopic pregnancy, bleeding previa

21
Q

When is group B strep culture done and if it is (+) when is it treated?

A

Done at 35-36 weeks and treated during labor.

Ampicillin: loading dose of 2g initially followed by 1g every 4 hours until delivery

22
Q

Name the 4 tests to check for fetal well being.

A

Non-stress Test
Contraction Stress Test
Biophysical Profile
Cord Doppler Velocimetry