Dura Mater

Question 1

The CNS system has how many connective tissue layers that act as a protective envelope?

Answer 1

Three 1.) Dura Mater 2.) Arachnoid Mater 3.) Pia Mater

Question 2

What layers is the most external and the toughest?

Answer 2

Dura Mater

Question 3

How many layers does the Dura Mater have? What are they?

Answer 3

Two layers —Periosteal layer —Meningeal layer

Question 4

Where is the Periosteal layer located?

Answer 4

Directly under the skull only in the cranial cavity —fuses with periosteum of the skull at the Foramen magnum

Question 5

What action results in the formation of openings between the two layers of the dura?

Answer 5

Enfolding of the meningeal layer

Question 6

Enfolding of the meningeal layer forms what?

Answer 6

The dural sinuses

Question 7

What is the function of the dural sinuses?

Answer 7

Dural Sinuses function as the outflow pathway for venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid

Question 8

What is attached to the calvaria (skull cap) and helps anchor the brain?

Answer 8

The enfoldings of the meningeal layer

Question 9

Because of _____ attachments , space occupying lesions (tumors or bleeding can cause what clinical problem?

Answer 9

Rigid attachments —Herniation

Question 10

Define Herniation

Answer 10

Brain tissue, CSF, & Blood vessels are moved/sqeezed causing function to be compromised

Question 11

The Periosteal dura is only found where?

Answer 11

In the Cranial cavity

Question 12

What does the periosteal dura fuse with and where?

Answer 12

The periosteum of the skull at the foramen magnum

Question 13

What layer of the Dura mater is continuous into the vertebral canal and covers the spinal cord?

Answer 13

The meningeal layer

Question 14

What are the three structures associated with the Dura?

Answer 14

-Falx cerebri -Tentorium Cerebelli -Tentorial notch

Question 15

Falx cerebri is responsible for what?

Answer 15

It separates the cerebral hemispheres

Question 16

Tentorium cerebelli is responsible for what?

Answer 16

It separates the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum AND limits the posterior cranial fossa

Question 18

The tentorial notch is responsible for what?

Answer 18

It serves as the opening in the Tentorium Cerebelli through which the brain stem extends from the posterior cranial fossa to the middle cranial fossa

Question 19

Superior Sagittal sinus is located where?

Answer 19

On the superior edge of Falx Cerebri

*The red*

Question 20

Name the Dark Blue Sinus

Answer 20

Inferior Sagittal Sinus

-Located on the inferior edge of Falx Cerebri

Question 21

Name the darker yellow sinus

Answer 21

Striaght Sinus

***connects the inferior and superior sagittal sinuses accros tentorial cerebelli

Question 22

Name the light green sinus

Answer 22

Confluens of Sinueses

***the point posteriorly on the tentorium cerebelli where the straight sinus joins the transverse sinuses

Question 23

Name the Purple Sinuses

Answer 23

Transverse Sinuses

*** Sinuses at the posterior edge of tentorium cerebelli that carry venous blood toward the internal jugular vein

Question 24

Name the yellow sinuses

Answer 24

Sigmoid sinuses

*** last part of the sinus system that is continous with the internal jugular vein through the jugular foramen

Question 25

Name the 3 common sites of herniation

Answer 25

1. ) subfalcine
2. ) Transtentorial or Uncal
3. ) Tonsillar

Question 26

Define Subfalcine

Answer 26

A common herniation where the cingulate gyrus slips under the Falx cerebri

Question 27

Define transtentorial or Uncal

Answer 27

A common herniation where the uncus glides downward through the tentorium cerebrelli and notch and the brainstem becomes compressed

Question 28

Define Tonsillar

Answer 28

A common type of herniation where the cerebellar tonsils herniate through the foramen magnum

Question 29

What is embedded between the two layers of the dura mater?

Answer 29

Blood vessels supplying the meninges

Question 31

What is the most important meningeal artery?

Answer 31

The middle meningeal artery

Question 32

A skull fracture may result in tearing of what meningieal artery, resulting in what?

Answer 32

The middle meningeal artery, resulting in an arterial bleed with blood accumulating between the dura matter and the skull

Question 33

Define an epidural hematoma

Answer 33

Seperatin of the periosteal and meningeal layers, resulting in arterial bleeding with blood accumulating between the dura matter and the skull