Duplex/color flow imaging (abdomen) Flashcards

1
Q

A dilation > 3cm or an increase in diameter of 50% greater than original artery.

A

Aorto-iliac arteries aneurysm

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1
Q

Evaluate vessels for stenosis, status of bypass grafts, aneurysmal disease

A

Aorto-iliac vessels

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2
Q

Majority of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are

A

atherosclerotic and intrarenal

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3
Q

Rupture of the aortic aneurysm; embolization of the peripheral aneurysms (could cause blue toe) Trash foot

A

Most frequent complication with aneurysm

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4
Q

An enzyme that converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin

(related to renovascular hypertension)

A

Renin

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5
Q

Many of these patients with present with hypertension (controlled or not controlled)

A

Renal artery studies

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6
Q

Renal arteries and kidney arteries are normally more ____ resistant

A

Low (above baseline diastole)

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7
Q

The aorta is usually _______ resistant

A

Higher

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8
Q

If a AAA is detected you cannot use

A

Renal to aortic ratio (RAR)

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9
Q

Highest renal artery divided by Aorta PSV

A

Renal to aortic ratio (RAR)

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10
Q

If aortic PSV is > 90 cm/s or < 40 cm/s you cannot use

A

Renal to aortic ratio (RAR)

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11
Q

Abnormal (RAR)

A

> 3.5 (suggests > 60% diameter reduction)

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12
Q

Normal (RAR)

A

< 3.5

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13
Q

> 180 - 200 cm/s that is followed by post - stenotic turbulence

A

Too fast!

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14
Q

Normal pole length of a kidney is

A

10-12 cm.

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15
Q

End diastolic ratio
Parenchymal resistance ratio (PR) normal is
End Diastolic V divided by
PSV

A

> 0.2

16
Q

End diastolic ratio
Parenchymal resistance ratio (PR) abnormal is

A

< .2

17
Q

Resistivity Index
PSV- EDV divided by
PSV
Normal

A

< .8 (low resistance)

18
Q

Resistivity Index
PSV- EDV divided by
PSV
abnormal

A

> .8

19
Q

Patients presenting with a history of dull, achy or crampy abdominal pian 15-30 minutes after meals are suspect for

A

Mesenteric ischemia

20
Q

Chronic and acute mesenteric ischemia is difficult to diagnose and require a

A

Arteriogram

21
Q

Obtain the PSV and EDV of the following: (longitudinal approach)

Celiac artery (may use TX approach)
Proximal, mid, distal SMA
IMA
Aorta (check for abnormalities)

A

Technique

22
Q

High resistance flow pre-prandial
Converts to lower resistance flow post-prandial
Normal velocities range from 110-177 cm/s
Abnormal velocities PSV > 275 cm/s predicts > 70% diameter reduction

A

SMA

23
Q

Low resistance flow pre- prandial (always)
Remails low resistance post - prandial (unaffected by eating)
Normal velocities range from 50-160 cm/s
Abnormal velocities PSV > 200 cm/s predicts > 70% diameter reduction

A

Celiac Artery

24
Q

Pre - prandial high resistant waveform remains high resistant post - prandial which suggests distal mesenteric disease

A

Abnormal SMA

25
Q

Marginal Artery of the colon (AKA marginal A. of Drummond)

Arc of Riolan

A

IMA two possible connections

26
Q

Extrinsic compression of celiac artery origin by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm

A

Celiac band syndrome

27
Q

Documenting patency of portal vein, hepatic veins, IVC and hepatic artery

A

Pre and post operative eval liver transplant

28
Q

Example of grayscale signs of rejection for renal transplant

A

Increased renal transplant size

29
Q

Transplanted RA anastomosed to EIA or IIA; transplanted RV anastomosed to EIV

A

Renal transplant

30
Q

Increased arterial resistance

A

Acute rejection (renal transplant)

31
Q

What is consider the most reliable method for rejection diagnosis for kidney transplant patients

A

Biopsy