Arterial Testing Flashcards
Pain in muscles usually occurring during exercise (activity); subsides with rest.
Claudication
Level of disease usually proximal to location of symptoms
claudication
Sever symptom of reduced blood flow (loss of perfusion)
Ischemic rest pain
Necrosis or death of tissue
Due to deficient or no blood supply
Tissue loss
Claudication, ischemic rest, tissue loss
Chronic occlusive disease
Acute arterial occlusion the 6 P’s are
pain, pallor, pulselessness, parathesis, paralysis, polar (cold)
No other underlying health issues
Ischemia due to digital arterial spasm
Common in young women, maybe hereditary, bilateral
Benign in condition (does not turn gangrene)
Primary Raynauds
Symptoms of intermittent digital ischemia occur due to cold exposure or emotional stress
(color changes in the fingers)
Raynuads phenomenon
Underlying health issue
Normal vasoconstricion of arterioles present with a fixed artery obstruction Ischemia constantly present.
May be the first manifestation of Buerger’s disease.
Secondary Raynuads
Result of deficient blood supply; skin pale
pallor
A concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin, causes bluish discoloration
Cyanosis
Suggests dilated vessels or vessels dilated secondary to reactive hyperemia; skin is reddened
Rubor
What signifies adequate circulatory status of an artery
Rhythmic pulsation
You can feel a palpable thrill (feel it)
Fistula, a patent dialysis access site or post stenotic turbulence
Bruit auscultation is more often done with a ______ examination
Carotid
Atheroscclerosis
Higher incidence of disease
Medial calcification develops in LE arteries this is increased risk for cardiovascular events
Poor sensation (neuropathy)
Higher incidence of gangrenous change, amputations
Diabetes
Two opinions:
May cause or enhance the development of the atherosclerotic disease
Hypertension
Elevated plsama lipids assoc. with atherosclerosis development
Frequent cause: diet high in animal fat; metabolic issues based on heredity
Hyperlipidemia
Most common arterial pathology
Thickening, hardening, loss of elasticity of the artery walls (loss of kinetic energy)
Atherosclerosis (obliterans) occur in what layers of the vessel
intima and media layers
Carotid bif
Aorto-iliacs
Common femoral artery biff
SFA distal (adductor canal)
Most common sites for atherosclerosis disease
Caused by obstruction oif the arota occurs in males
Leriche syndrome
fatigue in hips, thighs, or calves with exercise
Absence of femoral pulses
Impotence
Often times; pallor and coldness LE
Leriche syndrome
Obstruction of vessel by foreign substance or blood clot
Embolism
DIffuse, circumferential dilatation
Fusiform aneurysm
Localized (sac-like)
Saccular aneurysm
Small tear of the inner wall allows blood to form cavity between two wall layers. Often is in thoracic aorta
Dissecting
a defect in main artery all (post catheter insertion)
must have communication from main artery to pulsatile structure outside vessel wall
Pseudoaneurysm
Most common location of a true aneurysm is
infrarenal aorta
Non-atherosclerotic lesions
Arteritis
Inflammation of small vessels (finger and toes)
Arteritis
Narrowing of the aorta
One of several congenital anomalies of arterial system
Coarctation of the aorta
No dilatation
thin membrane divides the arterial lumen into 2 compartments
flow velocities differ in each lumen
Dissection
Clinical findings for coarctation of the aorta is
Hypertension
Symptoms of LE
