Duodenum, pancreas, gall bladder, liver

Question 1

How does the pancreas help the duodenum digest foods?

Answer 1

• Pancreas secretes enzymes into the duodenum to continue the chemical attack on food
• Highly effective at pH 7.

Question 2

Pancreatic protease

Answer 2

• Breaks small protein molecules into smaller protein molecules and some single amino acids molecules

Question 3

Pancreatic amylase

Answer 3

• Starch is broken down into dissaccharide sugars (maltose)

Question 4

Lipase enzyme

Answer 4

• Large fat molecules are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids (smaller digested molecules)

Question 5

How does bile help digestion in the duodenum?

Answer 5

• Breaks down large fat/oil drops into smaller droplets.
• Delivered into the duodenum by a bile duct.
• Small droplet are attacked by lipase

Question 6

Function of pancreas

Answer 6

• Hormones regulate blood glucose levels
• Bicarbonate neutralises stomach acid
• Trypsin and chymotrypsin- digest proteins
• Amylase digests polysaccharides
• The hormone insulin is produced to help turn food into energy
• Secretes digestive enzymes

Question 7

Function of liver

Answer 7

• Makes bile
• Breaks down and builds up molecules and store vitamins and ions
• Destroys old blood cells
• Cleans alcohol, medicines and poisons from blood

Question 8

Function of bile duct

Answer 8

• To carry bile from the gall bladder and empty it into the duodenum

Question 9

Function of gall bladder

Answer 9

• Stores and concentrates bile and also empties it to digest fats

Question 10

Duodenum

Answer 10

• Receives secretions from pancreas and gall bladder - Produces its own enzymes from the glands in the walls of the intestine (intestinal juice).
• Plays vital role in chemical digestion of chyme

Question 11

Pancreatic bicarbonate solution

Answer 11

• The sodium bicarbonate is to neutralise the high acidity of the chyme raising it to pH 7-8