Duodenum

Question 1

Where does the duodenum start and end from ?

Answer 1

Starts from the pylorus and ends at the DJ angle

Question 2

How long is the duodenum ?
And what is its diameter?

Answer 2

It is approximately 25-30 cm long
In Latin the term duodenum means 12 fingers which is roughly the length of the duodenum (of the persons fingers )
4 cm ( larger the then J/I )

Question 3

We decide the duodenum in to 4 parts what are they?

Answer 3

1. D1 , sup part or bulbo pyloric part
2. D2 , vertical part or pancreatico bilary part
3. D3 , horizontal part or vascular part
4. D4 , Ascending part or Jujenul part

Question 4

D1 is it intra or retro peritoneal ?

Answer 4

Intraperitoneal

Question 5

D1 starts from and ends where ?

Answer 5

From the pylorus / L1 to T12

Question 6

What is D1s axis ?

Answer 6

It goes oblique / sup / post / to the right

Question 7

The sup angle of D1 or genu superius forms an angle with ? And how many degrees ?

Answer 7

Forms an angle w/ D2 and forms an angle of 80 degrees

Question 8

D1 is know as ?

Answer 8

The most mobile part of the duodenum

Question 9

What are D1s sliding surfaces ?

Answer 9

1. GB
2. Inf border of the right love of the liver
3. IVC
4. R adrenal gland
5. Head & neck of pancreas
6. Choledocus ( CBD )
7. Gastroduodenal a
8. Post-sup pancreaticoduodenal a

Question 10

D2 is it intra or retro peritoneal ?

Answer 10

Retroperitoneal

Question 11

D2 starts & ends from ?

Answer 11

From T12 (genu superius ) to L3 ( genu inferius )

Question 12

What is D2s axis ?

Answer 12

It goes straight / Inf

Question 13

D2 receives secretion of ?

Answer 13

Receives the secretion of the GB and the pancreas

Question 14

Genu inferius forms an angle with ?
And how much degrees?

Answer 14

With D3 and forms an angle of 90 degrees

Question 15

What can we find in the 1/3 distal postero-med part ?

Answer 15

We can find the oddi sphincter or papilla duodenalis major
Minor is not consistent
And is located 3cm sup

Question 16

What are the sliding surfaces of D2 ( 11 )

Answer 16

1. GB
2. Inf border of R lobe of liver
3. IVC ( R border )
4. R adrenal gland & R kidney
5. R ureter
6. Head of pancreas
7. Choledocus ( CBD )
8. Pancreatic duct
9. Santorini duct (inconsistent)
10. Transverse meso-colon & colon
11. Haptic flexure of the colon

Question 17

D3 is it intra or retro peritoneal ?

Answer 17

Retropritoneal

Question 18

What is the length of D3 ?

Answer 18

6-9 cm long

Question 19

What is D3 axis ? (כיוונים )

Answer 19

Horizontal / slightly oblique / concave sup / circumvents the lumbar column

Question 20

What separates D3 and lumbar column ?

Answer 20

Is separated by the R psoas major

Question 21

Why is D3 referred to also as the vascular part ?

Answer 21

It’s called the vascular part because of its relationships with the sup mesenteric vessels anteriorly

Question 22

What are the sliding surfaces of D3 ?

Answer 22

1. R psoas major
2. Root of mesentery
3. AA
4. IVC
5. Sup mesenteric V
6. Sup mesenteric A
7. Incintaus process and head of pancreas
8. Inf mesenteric A ( post )
9. R gonadal A & V
10. Loops of jejunum
11. Inf pole of the R kidney & R ureter

Question 23

Is D4 intra or retro peritoneal ?

Answer 23

Retroperitoneal

Question 24

At the stage is the DJ angle intra or retro peritoneal ?

Answer 24

The DJ angle is Intraperitoneal

Question 25

What is the length of D4 ?

Answer 25

Around 6 cm

Question 26

What is D4s axis ?

Answer 26

Goes oblique / sup / to the left

Question 27

What are the sliding surfaces of D4 ? Jejunal part

Answer 27

1. Loops of jujenum
2. DJ angle
3. L psoas major
4. Treitz m
5. L pillar of diaphragm
6. Lesser tuberosity of stomach
7. L renal V
8. AA
9. L hilum of kidney
10. Pancreas tail
11. Sympathetic chain of celiac plexus

Question 28

What are the relations of D4 ( ant / sup / post ) ?

Answer 28

Ant = 1. the beginning of the root of mesentery
2. Coils / rings of jejunum

Sup = 1. Uncinate process of the pancreas

Post = 1. L psoas major
2. The sympathetic chain
3. Left margin of the aorta