Duiretics

Question 1

which diuretics cause potassium loss (2)

Answer 1

thiazide like and loop

greater risk with thiazide

Question 2

potassium loss caused by diuretics is a particular problem in patients also taking

Answer 2

cardiac glycocisdes (and those with CVD)

Question 3

why is hypokalaemia caused by diuretics a particuluar problem in liver disease

Answer 3

may percipitate encephalopathy

Question 4

what is in co-amilozide

Answer 4

amiloride (k sparing)
and
hydrocholthiazide (thiazide like)

Question 5

which thiazide like diuretics are now preferred for treatment of hypertension

Answer 5

indapamide
chlortalidone (may be given on alt days to control odema)

Question 6

what conditions might be exacerbated by loop diuretics (3)

Answer 6

diabetes (but hypergylcaemia is more likely with thiazide like)
gout
urinary retention in enlarged prostate

Question 7

what class is furosemide

Answer 7

loop

Question 8

what class is bumetanide

Answer 8

loop

Question 9

what class is indapmide

Answer 9

thiazide like

Question 10

how long do duitretic actions of bumetanide and furosemide last

Answer 10

up to 6 hours - so can be BD

Question 11

what class is amiloride

Answer 11

K sparing

Question 12

K sparing diuretics must not be given with

Answer 12

k supplements
(neither should aldosterone antagonists)

Question 13

what class is spironolactone

Answer 13

aldosterone antagonists (which means it is also K sparing)

Question 14

what are first and second line diuretics to be used in cirrhosis of the liver

Answer 14

spironolactone and then furosemide

Question 15

what class is manitol

Answer 15

osmotic - used for cerbral oedema and raised intraoccular pressure

Question 16

acetazolamide is what type of drug..

Answer 16

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (used for altitude sickness) - weak diuretic effect

Question 17

what are the affects of thiazide like diuretics on elctrolytes and uric acid and glucose

Answer 17

all do down except calcium goes up

uric acid and glucose go up

Question 18

what are the affects of loop diuretics on elctrolytes and uric acid and glucose

Answer 18

all do down

uric acid and glucose (not as much as thiazides) go up

Question 19

what are the affects of K sparinge diuretics on elctrolytes (1)

Answer 19

k goes up

Question 20

what are the affects of aldosterone antagonists diuretics on elctrolytes (3)

Answer 20

k goes up
na goes down
uric acid goes up