Ductal carcinoma in situ + family testing Flashcards
what is calcification
small specks of calcium salts that form in the breast tissue
what is important to rule out when calcification seen on mammogram?
ductal carcinoma in situ
what can calcification also be seen with?
benign changes in the breast such as cysts + fibroadenoma
what is DCIS
formation of microcalcification in the milk ducts
4 steps when investigating with suspicion of DCIS
1 - Mammogram
2 - USS
3 - stereotactic core biopsy
4 - biopsy
what is the microcalcification on mammography due to
necrotic cancer cells within the centre of the milk duct
management of DCIS
surgery to remove cancer cells to reduce the risk of them spreading and causing invasive ductal carcinoma
Sterotactic wire localisation
x ray guided wide local excision of microcalclification with a localisation wire in place
mother, father, siblings and children are classes as…
1st degree relatives
lifetime risk of breast cancer for females + males
females = 1 in 8 males = 1 in 870
refer to 2ndary care if: 1st degree ____ (3)
- diagnosed with breast ca < 40 years
- male diagnosed at any age
- bilateral breast ca w/ the primary < 50 years
location of BRCA1 gene
chromosome 17
location of BRCA2 gene
chromosome 13
prognosis when prophylactic mastectomy for BRCA gene carrier
reduce risk by 90%
inheritance pattern on BRCA1
autosomal dominant