DSM Flashcards
neurodevelopment disorders
these disorders first appear in the early development period, and the deficits cause difficulties in personal, social, and academic functioning.
four parts of neurodevelopmental disorders
intellectual disability or intellectual development disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and specific learning disorder
intellectual developmental disorder
are disorders that are usually present at birth and that negatively affect the trajectory of the individual’s physical, intellectual, and/or emotional development.
autism spectrum disorder
is a condition related to brain development that impacts how a person perceives and socializes with others, causing problems in social interaction and communication.
specific learning disorder
is a relatively new classification that groups together reading-related (dyslexia) and math-related (dyscalculia) disorders under a single umbrella. When a child is diagnosed with specific learning disorder, the particular areas of impairment are described as part of the diagnosis.
bipolar 1
more manic episodes
bipolar 2
more depressive episodes
cyclothymic disorder
chronic condition, hypomanic symptoms that do not cause impairment
delusional disorder
previously called paranoid disorder, is a type of serious mental illness — called a “psychosis”— in which a person cannot tell what is real from what is imagined.
brief psychotic disorder
is a sudden, short-term display of psychotic behavior, such as hallucinations or delusions, which occurs with a stressful event
schizophreniform disorder
is a type of psychotic illness with symptoms similar to those of schizophrenia, but lasting for less than 6 months
schizophrenia
long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation.
catatonia
abnormality of movement and behavior arising from a disturbed mental state (typically schizophrenia). It may involve repetitive or purposeless overactivity, or catalepsy, resistance to passive movement, and negativism
cyclothymic disorder
chronic condition, hypomanic symptoms that do not cause impairment
disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
is a childhood condition of extreme irritability, anger, and frequent, intense temper outbursts
major depressive disorder
episode for two weeks; a mental disorder characterized by a persistently depressed mood and long-term loss of pleasure or interest in life, often with other symptoms such as disturbed sleep, feelings of guilt or inadequacy, and suicidal thoughts
persistent depressive disorder
persistent last for several days and most days
pre-menstral dysphoric disorder
is a health problem that is similar to premenstrual syndrome (PMS) but is more serious. PMDD causes severe irritability, depression, or anxiety in the week or two before your period starts. Symptoms usually go away two to three days after your period starts
separation anxiety disorder
is diagnosed when symptoms are excessive for the developmental age and cause significant distress in daily functioning. Symptoms may include: Recurrent and excessive distress about anticipating or being away from home or loved ones
selective mutism
s a complex childhood anxiety disorder characterized by a child’s inability to speak and communicate effectively in select social settings, such as school. These children are able to speak and communicate in settings where they are comfortable, secure, and relaxed
specific phobia
e an overwhelming and unreasonable fear of objects or situations that pose little real danger but provoke anxiety and avoidance
panic disorder
s a type of anxiety disorder. It causes panic attacks, which are sudden feelings of terror when there is no real danger. You may feel as if you are losing control.
agoraphobia
Fear of places and situations that might cause panic, helplessness, or embarrassment.
obsessive-compulsive disorder
Excessive thoughts (obsessions) that lead to repetitive behaviors (compulsions).
body dysmorphic disorder
A mental illness involving obsessive focus on a perceived flaw in appearance.
reactive attachment disorder
occurs as a result of neglect
disinhibitied social engagment disorder
kids that will go up to strangers– no boundaries
posttraumatic stress disorder
a mental health condition that’s triggered by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it.
acute stress disorder
is an intense, unpleasant, and dysfunctional reaction beginning shortly after an overwhelming traumatic event and lasting less than a month.
adjustment disorder
a group of symptoms, such as stress, feeling sad or hopeless, and physical symptoms that can occur after you go through a stressful life event.
dissociative disorders
disorders in which there is the loss of continuity of experience which can result in an inability to access information and fragmentation of identity
dissociative identity disorder
A disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states
dissociative amnesia
a type of dissociative disorder that involves inability to recall important personal information that would not typically be lost with ordinary forgetting.
depersonalization/derealization disorder
occurs when you persistently or repeatedly have the feeling that you’re observing yourself from outside your body or you have a sense that things around you aren’t real, or both
somatic symptoms and related disorders
disorders characterized by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to somatic symptoms with significant distress and impairment.
somatic symptom disorder
involves a person having a significant focus on physical symptoms, such as pain, weakness or shortness of breath, that results in major distress and/or problems functioning. The individual has excessive thoughts, feelings and behaviors relating to the physical symptoms
illness anxiety disorder
Obsession with the idea of having a serious but undiagnosed medical condition.
conversion disorder (functional neurological symptom disorder)
a mental condition in which a person has blindness, paralysis, or other nervous system (neurologic) symptoms that cannot be explained by medical evaluation
factitious disorder
a serious mental disorder in which someone deceives others by appearing sick, by purposely getting sick or by self-injury. Factitious disorder also can happen when family members or caregivers falsely present others, such as children, as being ill, injured or impaired.
pica
Craving and chewing substances that have no nutritional value, such as ice, clay, soil, or paper.
anorexia
An eating disorder causing people to obsess about weight and what they eat.
bulimia
A serious eating disorder marked by binging, followed by methods to avoid weight gain.
binge-eating disorder
Frequently consuming unusually large amounts of food in one sitting and feeling that eating behavior is out of control.
elimination disorders
disorders that involve the inappropriate elimination of urine or feces and are usually first diagnosed in childhood or adolescence.
enuresis
Nighttime loss of bladder control, or bed-wetting, usually in children.
encopresis
A condition in which a child resists having bowel movements, causing impacted stool to collect in the colon and rectum and lead to leakage.
oppositional defiant disorder
A disorder in a child marked by defiant and disobedient behavior to authority figures.
intermittent explosive disorder
olves repeated, sudden episodes of impulsive, aggressive, violent behavior or angry verbal outbursts in which you react grossly out of proportion to the situation
conduct disorder
a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in children and adolescents in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated.
antisocial personality disorder
A mental health disorder characterized by disregard for other people.
neurocognitive disorders
disorders in which the core feature is a deficit in cognitive functioning that is acquired rather than developmental
personality disorders
a way of thinking, feeling and behaving that deviates from the expectations of the culture, causes distress or problems functioning, and lasts over time
borderline
A mental disorder characterized by unstable moods, behavior, and relationships
narcissistic
A disorder in which a person has an inflated sense of self-importance.
antisocial
A mental health disorder characterized by disregard for other people
tardive dyskinesia
s a side effect of antipsychotic medications. These drugs are used to treat schizophrenia and other mental health disorders. TD causes stiff, jerky movements of your face and body that you can’t control. You might blink your eyes, stick out your tongue, or wave your arms without meaning to do so
antidepressant discontinuation syndrome
s a condition that can occur following the interruption, reduction, or discontinuation of antidepressant medication that was taken continuously for at least one month.
other adverse effect of medication
Constipation. Skin rash or dermatitis. Diarrhea. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Dry mouth. Headache. Insomnia.
