DSM-5

Question 1

Schizophreniform D/O

Answer 1

• less than six months of sx
• impaired soc/occup fx not required
• 2/3rds eventually develop schizophrenia

Question 2

Manic episode

Answer 2

1 week or longer

Question 3

Hypomanic episode

Answer 3

At least 4 days

• Not marked impairment
• absence of psychosis
• often increase in creativity, efficiency

Question 4

Mixed episode

Answer 4

• At least one week
• rapid altering sx of manic and depressive episodes
• either poor functioning or psychosis

Question 5

Postpartum depression

Answer 5

• 10-20% of women experience sx severe enough to warrant MDD after birth
• 1/500 to 1/1000 develop depressive psychosis that may involve delusions re the newborn

Question 6

Gender and Depression

Answer 6

• rates equal in children

- rate twice as high for women in adolescence and adulthood

Question 7

depression in children

Answer 7

• irritability, social withdrawal, and somatic sx

- preadolescents (esp boys) may exhibit aggressiveness and destructiveness

Question 8

Duration of depression

Answer 8

• Untreated, sx usu last 6 months
• 20-30% of cases, some sx remain for months to years
• 50% of cases, person experiences more than 1 episode

Question 9

idolamine hypothesis

Answer 9

dep related to low serotonin

Question 10

Genetic Factors most consistently linked to which disorder?

Answer 10

Bipolar Disorder

• Identical Twins: 65%
• Fraternal Twins: 14%

Question 11

Cyclothymic disorder

Answer 11

fluctuating hypomanic sx and numerous periods of depressive symptoms

• Depressive sx not severe enough for MDD
• Hypomanic sx not severe enough for hypomanic episode
• Duration: 2 yrs in adults, 1 yr in kids

Question 12

Bipolar II

Answer 12

• At least one depressive episode and one hypomanic episode
• Never had Manic or Mixed Episode
• More common in men

Question 13

suicide risk increases dramatically in adolescents if they have:

Answer 13

conduct disorder, substance abuse, or ADHD

Question 14

Most effective meds for atypical depression

Answer 14

SSRIs and MAOIs

Question 15

GAD and comorbidity

Answer 15

• GAD has the highest comorbidity rates of all anx d/os

- 80% have at least one other anx or mood disorder

Question 16

Panic disorder

Answer 16

• must have at least 2 unexpected attacks (with one being followed by 1 month of concern over having another, worry re: implications of another, or beh changes due to attack)
• 33-50% have agoraphobia
• of the anxiety disorders, GAD most likely to occur w

Question 17

Bipolar I

Answer 17

• One or more manic OR mixed episodes
• May or may not have had depressive episodes
• Equally common in males and females

Question 18

brain damage (especially left hemisphere damage) is suggested when

Answer 18

Verbal IQ is significantly lower than performance IQ

Question 19

Prader-Willi

Answer 19

• caused by chromosomal deletion (part of a chromosome is missing)
• can cause intellectual disability and obesity

Question 20

Most common known cause of intellectual disability?

Answer 20

early alterations in embryonic development

Question 21

PKU

Answer 21

• rare recessive gene syndrome
• detected by blood test at birth
• if untx, irreversible mod to profound ID
• unable to metabolize phenyl found in high protein foods

Question 22

Down syndrome

Answer 22

• extra chromosome (trisomoy 21)
• causes 10-30% of mod to sev intellectual disability cases
• high risk for alzheimer’s
• often have heart lesions, repiratory defects, intestinal defects, cataracts

Question 23

Specific learning disability

Answer 23

• IQs usu in ave to above ave range
• Most frequent comorbid disorder is ADHD (20-30% have)
• high risk for antisocial beh
• 1/3 of ppl w/reading d/os have psychosocial problems as adults

Question 24

Stuttering

Answer 24

• usu begins btw ages 2-7
• 3 times more common in males
• 60% of cases remit by age 16
• tx: elim stress in home, lowered demands overall, habit reversal (breathing, social supp, awareness training)

Question 25

Reactive Attachment Disorder

Answer 25

infant or young child doesn’t establish healthy attachments with parents or caregivers.
Unexplained withdrawal, fear, sadness or irritability
Sad and listless appearance
Not seeking comfort or showing no response when comfort is given
Failure to smile
Watching others closely but not engaging in social interaction
Failing to ask for support or assistance
Failure to reach out when picked up

Question 26

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Answer 26

Somatic symptoms (6 months or longer). Can occur with our without medical diagnosis. Excessive thoughts, feelings, behaviors related to somatic symptoms or associated health concerns.

Question 27

Conversion Disorder

Answer 27

symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function without recognized neurological or medical cause.

Question 28

Factitious Disorder

Answer 28

Falsification of physical or psychological signs or symptoms, or induction of injury or disease, associated with identified deception. Deception is present in absence of obvious external rewards. Can also by Imposed on another.

Question 29

Sleep terrors

Answer 29

Sleep terror episodes are characterized by an abrupt awakening from sleep that usually begins with a panicky scream or cry. Sleep terror is a type of Non-REM Sleep Arousal Disorder.