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Pharma Set 3 > Drugs vs Helminths > Flashcards

Drugs vs Helminths Flashcards

1
Q

Microtubule inhibitors

A

Albendazole (larvididal and ovicidal, inhibits microtubule synthesis)
Mebendazole (ovicidal, inhibits glucose uptake)
Thiabendazole (ovicidal, inhibits fumarate reductase)

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2
Q

Drug of choice of hydatid disease

A

Albendazole

*praziquantel may be used as an adjunct to albendazole in hydatid disease

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3
Q

Other uses for albendazole

A

Cysticercosis (larval stages of T solium)
angiostrongylus cantonensis
Capillaria philippinensis

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4
Q

S/e albendazole

A

Reversible leukopenia, BM suprression

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5
Q

Drug of choice for whipworm

A

Mebendazole

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6
Q

Drug of choice for trichinosis

A

Mebendazole/albendazole (Belizario)

  • Thiabendazole is no longer used d/t its s/e
  • backup for strongyloidiasis
  • s/e: sjs, hepatotoxic
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7
Q

MOA of DEC

A

Immobilizes microfilariae (by an unknown mechanism) and alters their surface structure —> more susceptible to host defense mechanisms

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8
Q

Uses of DEC

A

Doc: filariasis
Backup: onchocerciasis —> may cause mazzotti

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9
Q

Moa of ivermectin

A

Intensifies GABA-mediated neurotransmission in nematodes

“Ivermec-dream”

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10
Q

Uses of ivermectin

A

DOC: strongyloidiasis
Onchocerciasis (mazzotti
Cutaneous larva migrans
Filariasis (bacup)

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11
Q

Pyrantel pamoate MOA

A

Stumlates nicotinic receptors at NMJ of nematodes. Causes depolarizatioan-induced paralysis

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12
Q

DOC for pinworm

A

Mbendazole 100mg single dose
or albendazole 400mg PO single dose (Belizario)

*Pyrantel pamoate is considered a secondary drug (Belizario)

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13
Q

Albendazole notes

A 
Improved penetration (>praziquantel) of the subarachnoid space in neurocysteicercosis
Should nOT be given to patients with cirrhosis
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14
Q

Ivermectin notes

A

Contraindicated in pregnancy and children < 5y/o

Avoid concomitant use of ivermectin with other drugs that enhance GABA (barbiturates, BZDs, etc)

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15
Q

Pyrantel pamoate notes

A

C/i in px with hepatic dysfunction

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16
Q

Drugs vs trematodes and cestodes

A

Praziquantel

Niclosamide

17
Q

Praziquantel MOA

A

Increases membrane permeability to calcium —> paralysis

18
Q

Praziquantel notes

A

C/i in ocular cysticercosis (may cause irreparable eye damage)
Used with corticosteroids in treating neurocysticercosis
May be used as an adjunct to albendazole in hydatid disease

19
Q

MOA of niclosamide

A

Uncouples oxidative phosphorylation or by activating ATPases

20
Q

Use of niclosamide

A

Alt for cestode infections

21
Q

Niclosamide notes

A

Kills scolices and cestode segments but has NO EFFECT on ova

Avoid ethanol consumption for 48 hours upon drug administratiotn

Pharma Set 3 (7 decks)

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