Drugs Used For PAD and DVT Flashcards
What type of clots are seen during deep venous thrombosis?
What is it rich in?
1) Red clot
2) Fibrin
What does cilostazol inhibit?
What does this cause?
1) Phosphodiesterase (Type 3 inhibitor)
2) Prolongs life of cAMP in platelets and cells
What effects does cilostazol have?
1) Inhibits platelet aggregation
2) Vasodilation
What is the clinical application of cilostazol?
Intermittent claudication
What toxicities are notable with cilostazol?
1) Headaches
2) Peripheral edema
What is the black box warning for cilostazol?
Contraindicated in patients with HF
What is a pharmacologic risk factor of DVT?
Oral contraceptive or hormone replacement therapy (estrogen)
What is the active region of unfractionated heparin?
What does this region bind to?
What does this cause?
1) Pentasaccharide sequence
2) Antithrombin III
3) Inhibits factor Xa and blocks the generation of thrombin
Unfractionated heparin is used whenever there is a need or rapid onset anticoagulation such as?
1) PE
2) Stroke
3) DVT
4) Acute MI
Can unfractionated heparin be used in pregnancy?
Why/why not?
Yes, because it doesn’t cross the placenta
Why must unfractionated heparin be given parenterally (IV or SC)?
What happens if given IM?
1) It has a large molecular weight
2) Hematoma
Unfractionated heparin is contraindicated for patients with?
Thrombocytopenia and uncontrollable bleeding
What is enoxaparin?
What effect does it have?
1) A low molecular weight heparin
2) Selectively blocks factor Xa
What is the clinical application of enoxaparin?
Can it be used during pregnancy?
1) Prevention/treatment of DVT
2) Yes
Why is enoxaparin easier to use than unfractionated heparin?
It doesn’t have the issue of nonselective binding that unfractionated heparin making dosing as use at home without regular monitoring safer