Drugs to tx hyperlipidemia

Question 1

Group #2 Drugs

Answer 1

Ezetimibe

Question 2

Group #3 HMG Reductase Inhibitors

Answer 2

• Lovastatin
• Simvastatin
• Pravastatin
• Fluvastatin
• Atorvastatin
• Rosuvastatin

Question 3

Group #4 Fibric Acid Derivatives

Answer 3

• Gemfibrozil
• Fenofibrate
• Clofibrate

Question 4

Group #5

Answer 4

Niacin

Question 5

Group #1 Side Effects

Answer 5

• Constipation

* Impede absorption of fat soluble vitamins

Question 6

Group #2 Side Effects

Answer 6

[] Fatigue

[] Stomach Pain

Question 7

Group #3 Side Effects

Answer 7

[] ^ hepatic enzyme levels
[] Myopathy
[] Rhabdomyolysis (muscle degradation - creatine kinase ^ in blood & breaks down muscle)
[] Hepatotoxicity = ^ in liver enzymes

Question 8

Group #4 Side Effects

Answer 8

[] Gallstone formation

[] Slight risk of liver cancer

Question 9

Group #5 Side Effects

Answer 9

[] Cutaneous Flush
[] Liver toxicity
[] Hyperglycemia
[] Hyperurecemia (can cause gout)
[] Nausea and Vomiting
[] Diarrhea
[] ^ Levels of homocysteine which ^ risk of coronary heart disease

Question 10

Causes of Hyperlipidemia?

Answer 10

1. Genetic

2. Metabolic Disorders

Question 11

What gives rise to primary lipidemia?

Answer 11

Genetic disorders

Question 12

What metabolic disorders give rise to secondary lipidemia?

Answer 12

• Renal disease
• Hypothyroidism
• Alcoholism
• Diabetes

Question 13

Name the lipoproteins in the blood?

Answer 13

1. Chylomicrons
2. VLDL
3. LDL
4. HDL

Question 14

Action of Chylomicrons?

Answer 14

Transports dietary triglycerides, cholesterol, fat soluble vitamins, cholesterol esters to peripheral tissues.

Question 15

Action of VLDL?

Answer 15

Carries triglycerides from liver to peripheral tissues (adipose tissue, cardiac, skeletal muscle) can be used as storage or energy source.

Question 16

Action of LDL?

Answer 16

Transports cholesterol to peripheral tissues as well as back to the liver.

Question 17

Action of HDL?

Answer 17

Transports cholesterol from peripheral tissues to liver for bile acid synthesis, or for disposal via bile, as well as to steroidalgenic cells for steroid synthesis.

Question 18

1st action to tx lipidemia?

Answer 18

Diet & Exercise

Question 19

2nd action to tx hyperlipidemia?

Answer 19

Decrease bile & cholesterol absorption from GI tract, group #1 & #2 drugs to tx this.

Question 20

3rd action to tx hyperlipidemia?

Answer 20

decrease cholesterol synthesis by liver, drug from group #3

Question 21

4th action to tx hyperlipidemia?

Answer 21

^ peripheral clearance of lipoproteins, drug from group #4

Question 22

5th action to tx hyperlipidemia?

Answer 22

decrease secretion of hepatic VLDL’s, group #5 drugs.

Question 23

Drug combinations

Answer 23

• Simvastatin/Ezetimibe
• Niacin/Lovastatin
• Atorvastatin/Amlodipine

Question 24

Group #1 Bile Acid-Binding Resins Drugs

Answer 24

• Cholestyramine
• Colestipol
• Colesevelem Welchol