Drugs to Treat Dyslipidemias Flashcards
(22 cards)
MOA of resins (2):
- Bind bile acids in small intestine
- Increase conversion of hepatic cholesterol to bile acids
Resins can be used at age:
> 6 years old
ADRs of resins (3):
- Bloating
- Constipation
- Abdominal pain
MOA of statins:
Competitive inhibitor of rate limiting step in endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis (HMG CoA Reductase)
Statins - Site of action:
Liver
Statins approved to lower cholesterol AND triglycerides (2):
- Atorvastatin
- Rosuvastatin
ADRs of statins (2):
- Elevate ALT/AST
- Increase creatine phosphokinase (CPK) - myopathy
Contraindications of statins (3):
- Pregnancy
- Nursing mothers
- Acute liver disease
Age of statin use (2):
- Pravastatin: 8 years old
- All others: 10 years old
Statins that should be taken at night (3):
- Fluvastatin
- Lovastatin
- Simvastatin
Statins whose bioavailability is lowered by food (2):
- Pravastatin
- Pitavastatin
Statins effected by CYP3A4 inhibitors/grapefruit juice (3):
- Atorvastatin
- Lovastatin
- Simvastatin
Ezetimibe MOA (3):
- Inhibits cholesterol absorption at enterocytes
- Inhibits NPC1L1 transporter protein
- Targets dietary cholesterol
PCSK9 inhibitors (2):
- Alirocumab
- Evolocumab
PCSK9 inhibitor administration regimine:
Every 2 weeks SQ
Drugs to lower triglycerides (2):
- Fibrates
- Nicotinic acid
Fibrates bind to:
PPARalpha
MOA of fibrates (3):
- PPARalpha stimulates fatty acid oxidation
- Reduces apoCIII expression resulting in increased LPL activity
- Decrease hepatic production of VLDL
Actions of fibrates (3):
- Increase LPL
- Increase HDL
- Decrease TG
ADRs of fibrates (2):
- Increased risk of gallstones (clofibrate)
- Increased risk of myopathy when combined with statins
Contraindications of fibrates (3):
- Liver dysfunction
- Renal disease
- Preexisting gallbladder disease
ADRs/precautions of nicotinic acid (5):
- Itching and flushing
- Elevate ALT/AST
- Monitor creatine kinase when combined with statins
- Precipitate peptic ulcer
- May cause hyperuricemia and glucose intolerance
