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Pharmacology > Drugs that Affect Bone Mineral Homeostasis > Flashcards

Drugs that Affect Bone Mineral Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

What drug is routinely added to calcium supplements and milk for the purpose of preventing rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults?

A

Cholcalciferol (Vit D3).

*NB: Calcitriol is not suitable for widespread use because it is not subject to the endogenous regulation of Vit D

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2
Q

Toxicities of cholecalciferol/ergocalciferol

A

Hypercalcemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Hypercalciuria

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3
Q

Used for management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease and for management of hypocalcemia in patients with hypoparathyroidsim

A

Calcitriol

*Note that drug is the active form, does not require metabolism

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4
Q

What are doxercalciferol and paricalitol used for?

A

Management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease

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5
Q

An analog of calcitriol approved for psoriasis

A

Calcipotriene

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6
Q

MOA of bisphosphonates (alendronate, other -dronates)

A

Reduce both the resorption and the formation of bone by an action on the basic hydroxyapatite crystal structure

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7
Q

What are bisphosphonates primarily used for?

A

Osteoporosis

Paget’s disease of the bone

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8
Q

Adverse drug effects associated with bisphosphonates

A

Esophageal and stomach irritation (pts are advised to drink lots of water and to remain in an upright position for at least 30 min and until eating the first meal of the day)
Adynamic bone
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (rare)

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9
Q

A recombinant, truncated form of PTH, given in low intermittent doses to produce a net increase in bone formation

A

Teriparatide

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10
Q

What is teriparatide used for?

A

Osteoporosis

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11
Q

Side effects of teriparatide

A

Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria

Osteosarcoma in experimental animals

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12
Q

What is calcitonin used for?

A

Osteoporosis

Paget’s disease

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13
Q

Side effects of calcitonin

A

Rhinitis if using a nasal spray

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14
Q

MOA of raloxifene

A

A SERM:

  • Estrogen agonist in bone
  • Estrogen antagonist in breast and endometrium
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15
Q

What is raloxifene used for?

A

Osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

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16
Q

Side effects of raloxifene

A

Hot flushes, thromboembolism

17
Q

Binds to RANKL and prevents it from stimulating osteoclast differentiation and function

A

Denosumab

18
Q

What is denosumab used for?

A

Osteoporosis

19
Q

Side effects of denosumab

A

May increase risk of infection

20
Q

Lowers PTH by activating the calcium-sensing receptor in the parathyroid gland

A

Cinacalcet

21
Q

What is cinacalcet used for?

A

Hyperparathyroidism

22
Q

Side effects of cinacalcet

A

Nausea, hypocalcemia, adynamic bone

Pharmacology (16 decks)

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