Drugs Q1

Question 1

Thymine (nucleoside) analog that is incorporated into retroviral DNA. Lacks a 3’-OH group, so additional nucleotides cannot be added.
Treats HIV/AIDS

Answer 1

Zidovudine (ZDV, AZT, Retrovir)

Question 2

Zidovudine is an analog of this

Answer 2

thymine

Question 3

Zidovudine (ZDV, AZT, Retrovir) is used to treat this

Answer 3

HIV/AIDS

Question 4

Deoxyguanosine (nucleoside) analog used to treat herpes, chickenpox, and shingles.
Also affects mitochondrial DNA, so can cause bone marrow suppression on host DNA.

Answer 4

Acyclovir

Question 5

Acyclovir is an analog of this

Answer 5

Deoxyguanosine

Question 6

Acyclovir is used to treat these 3 viruses

Answer 6

Herpes, chickenpox, shingles

Question 7

Pyrimidine analog used as a chemotherapy drug in acute myeloid lymphoma (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukema (CML), and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Combines a cytosine base with arabinose sugar, creating cytosine arabinoside triphosphate, which damages DNA and halts the cell cycle.
Can also inhibit viral DNA synthesis in herpes and vaccinia.

Answer 7

Ara-C (Cytarabine, Cytosine arabinoside)

Question 8

Ara-C combines a base and a sugar to form this compound which damages DNA and halts the cell cycle

Answer 8

Cytosine arabinoside

Question 9

Ara-C is an analog of this

Answer 9

Pyrimidine analog

Question 10

Purine analog that is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Does not have a 3’-OH group, so results in retroviral chain termination. Used to treat HIV.

Answer 10

Didanosine (DDC)

Question 11

Didanosine inhibits this enzyme

Answer 11

Reverse transcriptase (treats HIV)

Question 12

Didanosine is an analog of this

Answer 12

Purine analog

Question 13

Pyrimidine analog (similar to uracil and thymine). Is converted then inversely binds thymidylate synthase, preventing thymine nucleotide synthesis, DNA replication, and cell proliferation.
Used to treat cancers of the digestive tract.

Answer 13

5’-Fluorouracil (5-FU)

Question 14

5’-fluorouracil binds and inhibits this enzyme

Answer 14

Thymidylate synthase

Question 15

Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, and D-Actinomycin are this kind of drug

Answer 15

Intercalating agents
Treat cancers

Question 16

Irinotecan (Campto) inhibits this enzyme

Answer 16

Eukaryotic topoisomerase type I

Question 17

Etoposide inhibits this enzyme

Answer 17

Eukaryotic topoisomerase type II

Question 18

Ciprofloxacin inhibits this enzyme

Answer 18

Prokaryotic DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II)