Compounds Q6 Flashcards
Phenyl butyrate and benzoic acid are treatment for this
Hyperammonemia
Niacin in large doses can be used to treat this
Hyperlipidemia
Sulfa drugs competitively inhibit steps in purine synthesis in bacteria that require this
Folate
Methotrexate inhibits this enzyme
Dihydrofolate reductase
Trimethoprim inhibits this
Dihydrofolate reductase
Vanillyl mandelic acid is an excreted product of these
Catecholamines
This is measured to determine activity of adrenal production of catecholamines
Vanillyl mandelic acid
Tyramine is normally degraded by this enzyme
Monoamine oxidase (MOA)
Amine which displaces norepinephrine from storage vesicles
Made from tyrosine in the decarboxylation of wines and cheeses
Tyramine
Antidepressants may inhibit this enzyme
Makes patients sensitive to tyramine rich foods
Monoamine oxidase
Allopurinol inhibits this enzyme
Xanthine oxidase
Febuxostat inhibits this enzyme
Xanthine oxidase
Allopurinol and Febuxostate inhibit xanthine oxidase, thus blocking the production of this
Uric acid
Probenecid increases excretion of this
Uric acid
Molecule missing in humans that degrades uric acid to soluble allantoin
Uricase
5-fluorouracil inhibits this enzyme
Thymidylate synthase
Glutamine analog that is used as an antineoplastic drug
Inhibits glutamine PRPP amidotransferase, CPS II, and CTP synthase
Azaserine
Compound used in the synthesis of plastics that can cause angiosarcoma in the liver if not properly metabolized and excreted
Vinyl chloride
CYP that metabolizes vinyl chloride to an epoxide which causes DNA damage
CYP 2E1
Mold product that is metabolized by CYP 2A1 to a compound producing liver cancer
Aflatoxin
Aflatoxin is metabolized to a compound producing liver cancer by this CYP
CYP 2A1
Compound that is metabolized by P450s to an epoxide that reacts with DNA guanine residues, disrupting GC base pairs and leading to lung cancer
Benzopyrene
Theophylline, HIV protease inhibitors, Warfarin, SSRIs, oral contraceptives, chemotherapy, and simvastatin/atorvastatin are metabolized by this CYP
CYP 3A4
Compound that induces CYP 3A4 and decreases its efficacy in metabolizing many drugs
St. John’s Wort
St. John’s Wort may induce this CYP
CYP 3A4
Antidote to acetaminophen poisoning that stimulate glutathione synthesis
N-Acetyl-Cysteine
N-acetyl-cysteine stimulates the synthesis of this
Glutathione
Toxin produced when ethanol induces CYP 2E1 pathway for acetaminophen disposal
NAPQI
NAPQI is disposed of by using this molecule which becomes depleted with large doses of tylenol
Glutathione
Antabuse inhibits this enzyme
ALDH
Antabuse is used for this
Limits drinking
ALDH releases NO from this
Nitroglycerin
