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Conditions and drugs > Compounds Q6 > Flashcards

Compounds Q6 Flashcards

1
Q

Phenyl butyrate and benzoic acid are treatment for this

A

Hyperammonemia

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2
Q

Niacin in large doses can be used to treat this

A

Hyperlipidemia

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3
Q

Sulfa drugs competitively inhibit steps in purine synthesis in bacteria that require this

A

Folate

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4
Q

Methotrexate inhibits this enzyme

A

Dihydrofolate reductase

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5
Q

Trimethoprim inhibits this

A

Dihydrofolate reductase

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6
Q

Vanillyl mandelic acid is an excreted product of these

A

Catecholamines

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7
Q

This is measured to determine activity of adrenal production of catecholamines

A

Vanillyl mandelic acid

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8
Q

Tyramine is normally degraded by this enzyme

A

Monoamine oxidase (MOA)

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9
Q

Amine which displaces norepinephrine from storage vesicles
Made from tyrosine in the decarboxylation of wines and cheeses

A

Tyramine

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10
Q

Antidepressants may inhibit this enzyme
Makes patients sensitive to tyramine rich foods

A

Monoamine oxidase

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11
Q

Allopurinol inhibits this enzyme

A

Xanthine oxidase

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12
Q

Febuxostat inhibits this enzyme

A

Xanthine oxidase

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13
Q

Allopurinol and Febuxostate inhibit xanthine oxidase, thus blocking the production of this

A

Uric acid

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14
Q

Probenecid increases excretion of this

A

Uric acid

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15
Q

Molecule missing in humans that degrades uric acid to soluble allantoin

A

Uricase

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16
Q

5-fluorouracil inhibits this enzyme

A

Thymidylate synthase

17
Q

Glutamine analog that is used as an antineoplastic drug
Inhibits glutamine PRPP amidotransferase, CPS II, and CTP synthase

A

Azaserine

18
Q

Compound used in the synthesis of plastics that can cause angiosarcoma in the liver if not properly metabolized and excreted

A

Vinyl chloride

19
Q

CYP that metabolizes vinyl chloride to an epoxide which causes DNA damage

A

CYP 2E1

20
Q

Mold product that is metabolized by CYP 2A1 to a compound producing liver cancer

A

Aflatoxin

21
Q

Aflatoxin is metabolized to a compound producing liver cancer by this CYP

A

CYP 2A1

22
Q

Compound that is metabolized by P450s to an epoxide that reacts with DNA guanine residues, disrupting GC base pairs and leading to lung cancer

A

Benzopyrene

23
Q

Theophylline, HIV protease inhibitors, Warfarin, SSRIs, oral contraceptives, chemotherapy, and simvastatin/atorvastatin are metabolized by this CYP

A

CYP 3A4

24
Q

Compound that induces CYP 3A4 and decreases its efficacy in metabolizing many drugs

A

St. John’s Wort

25
Q

St. John’s Wort may induce this CYP

A

CYP 3A4

26
Q

Antidote to acetaminophen poisoning that stimulate glutathione synthesis

A

N-Acetyl-Cysteine

27
Q

Toxin produced when ethanol induces CYP 2E1 pathway for acetaminophen disposal

A

NAPQI

28
Q

NAPQI is disposed of by using this molecule which becomes depleted with large doses of tylenol

A

Glutathione

29
Q

Antabuse inhibits this enzyme

A

ALDH

30
Q

Antabuse is used for this

A

Limits drinking

Conditions and drugs (8 decks)

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