Drugs of Choice Flashcards by Ceej Mendoza

DOC for Methicillin-sensitive Staph aureus

Nafcillin/Oxacillin/Dicloxacillin

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DOC for Methicillin-resistant Staph aureus

Vancomycin

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DOC for Vancomycin-resistant Staph aureus

Linezolid

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DOC for Staph epidermidis

Vancomycin

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DOC for Staph saprophyticus

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Quinolones

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DOC for Strep pyogenes (GABHS)

Penicillin G

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DOC for Strep agalactiae (GBBHS)

Penicillin G (+ Aminoglycosides for serious infection)

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DOC for Penicillin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis (GDGHS)

Penicillin + Gentamicin

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DOC for Penicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (GDGHS)

Vancomycin

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DOC for Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (GDGHS)

Linezolid

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DOC for Penicillin-sensitive Strep pneumoniae

Penicillin G

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DOC for Penicillin-resistant Strep pneumoniae

Ceftriaxone + Levofloxacin/Vancomycin

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DOC for Penicillin-sensitive Strep mutans/sanguis (Viridans strep)

Penicillin G +/- Aminoglycoside

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DOC for Penicillin-resistant Strep mutans/sanguis (Viridans strep)

Vancomycin

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DOC for Vancomycin-resistant Strep mutans/sanguis (Viridans strep)

Linezolid

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DOC for Entamoeba histolytica

Metronidazole (+ Luminal agent for mild, mod, severe infection or extraintestinal disease)

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DOC for Giardia lamblia

Metronidazole

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DOC for Cryptosporidium parvum

Nitazoxanide

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DOC for Trichomonas vaginalis

Metronidazole (2g single oral dose)

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DOC for Chloroquine-sensitive P. falciparum/malariae

Chloroquine

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DOC for P. vivax/ovale

Chloroquine + Primaquine (for hypnozoites)

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DOC for Uncomplicated, Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum

Quinine + Doxycycline/Clindamycin

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DOC for Severe, complicated, Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum

1) Artesunate + Doxycycline/Clindamycin or Mefloquine/Malarone
2) Quinidine gluconate

Prophylaxis for Non-resistant P. falciparum

Chloroquine

Prophylaxis for multi-drug resistant P. falciparum

Doxycycline

Prophylaxis for malaria in pregnant patients

Mefloquine

DOC for malaria in pregnant patients

Quinidine

DOC for Toxoplasma gondii

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

DOC for Trypanosoma cruzi (American trypanosomiasis/Chagas' disease)

Nifurtimox

DOC for Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (West African trypanosomiasis)

Pentamidine (+ Eflornithine for CNS involvement)

DOC for Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (East African trypanosomiasis)

Suramin (+ Melarsoprol for CNS involvement)

DOC for Dinoflagellates (Red tide)

Neostigmine/Edrophonium

DOC for Leishmania spp. (Cutaneous/Mucocutaneous/Kala-azar)

Sodium Stibogluconate (Antimony)

DOC for Taenia solium (Neurocysticercosis)

Praziquantel

DOC for Taenia saginata (Pruritus ani)

Praziquantel

DOC for Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish tapeworm)

Praziquantel

DOC for Echinococcus granulosus (Dog tapeworm)

Albendazole (significant systemic absorption for lung/liver disease); PAIR procedure

DOC for Schistosoma japonicum (Swimmer's itch, Katayama fever, Chronic liver disease)

Praziquantel

DOC for Paragonimus westermanii (Endemic hemoptysis)

Praziquantel

DOC for Asian liver fluke: Clonorchis sinensis (Chinese liver fluke), Opistorchis viverrini (Cholangiocarcinoma/Klatskin tumor)

Praziquantel

DOC for Ascaris lumbricoides

Albendazole

DOC for Hookworms

Albendazole (Both Necator and Ancylostoma)

DOC for Pudoc worm

Albendazole (Capillaria philippinensis)

DOC for parasite-induced Rectal prolapse

Mebendazole (Trichiuris trichiura)

DOC for the most common soil-transmitted helminth in developed countries (cosmopolitan worm)

Pyrantel pamoate (Enterobius vermicularis)

DOC for Larva currens

Ivermectin (Chronic serpigenous tract disease secondary to Strongyloides stercoralis)

DOC for Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia

Diethylcarbazine (Wuchereria/Brugia)

DOC for Elephantiasis

Diethylcarbamazine (Wuchereria/Brugia)

DOC for parasite-induced myocarditis and respiratory myositis

Thiabendazole (Trichinella spiralis)

DOC for disease transmitted by female blackfly (Simulium)

Ivermectin (Onchocerca volvulus)

DOC for G (+) aerobic, non-motile, box-car shaped, medusa-head morphology causing malignant pustule with subsequent eschar and central necrosis

Ciprofloxacin (Cutaneous anthrax secondary to B. anthracis)

DOC for upper GI ulceration, edema and sepsis secondary to ingestion of spores from animal hair and wool

Ciprofloxacin or Doxycycline with 1 or 2 additional antibiotics (Rifampicin, Vancomycin, Pencillin, Imipinem-Cilastatin, Clindamycin, Clarithromycin); (Gastrointestinal anthrax secondary to B. anthracis)

A patient came at the ER suffering from 2 day history of penetrating eye injury from a sword buried under the ground for years. He has complete loss of light perception. What drugs may be used for the patient's condition?

Vancomycin, Clindamycin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin (Ophthalmitis secondary to B. cereus)

DOC for heat-labile toxin induced blockage of acetylcholine release causing descending flaccid paralysis

Mainly supportive. Treatment for Botulism: • adequate ventilatory support • elimination of the organism from GIT (gastric lavage + metronidazole/penicillin) • trivalent botulinum antitoxin (types A, B and E)

DOC for lecithinase-induced cell membrane cleavage, leading to pain, edema and cellulitis with crepitation. May present with hemolysis and jaundice

Penicillin G (+ wound debridement for Gas Gangrene secondary to C. perfringens)

DOC for non-bloody diarrhea associated with yellow-white pseudomembranes on the colonic mucosa with history of previous intake of Ceftriaxone

Oral Metronidazole/Vancomycin (Pseudomembranous colitis secondary to C. difficile; history of previous intake of Clindamycin (MCC), 2nd/3rd gen Cephalosporin or Ampicillin)