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Microbiology > Drugs of Choice > Flashcards

Drugs of Choice Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

DOC for Methicillin-sensitive Staph aureus

A

Nafcillin/Oxacillin/Dicloxacillin

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2
Q

DOC for Methicillin-resistant Staph aureus

A

Vancomycin

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3
Q

DOC for Vancomycin-resistant Staph aureus

A

Linezolid

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4
Q

DOC for Staph epidermidis

A

Vancomycin

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5
Q

DOC for Staph saprophyticus

A

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Quinolones

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6
Q

DOC for Strep pyogenes (GABHS)

A

Penicillin G

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7
Q

DOC for Strep agalactiae (GBBHS)

A

Penicillin G (+ Aminoglycosides for serious infection)

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8
Q

DOC for Penicillin-sensitive Enterococcus faecalis (GDGHS)

A

Penicillin + Gentamicin

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9
Q

DOC for Penicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (GDGHS)

A

Vancomycin

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10
Q

DOC for Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (GDGHS)

A

Linezolid

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11
Q

DOC for Penicillin-sensitive Strep pneumoniae

A

Penicillin G

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12
Q

DOC for Penicillin-resistant Strep pneumoniae

A

Ceftriaxone + Levofloxacin/Vancomycin

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13
Q

DOC for Penicillin-sensitive Strep mutans/sanguis (Viridans strep)

A

Penicillin G +/- Aminoglycoside

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14
Q

DOC for Penicillin-resistant Strep mutans/sanguis (Viridans strep)

A

Vancomycin

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15
Q

DOC for Vancomycin-resistant Strep mutans/sanguis (Viridans strep)

A

Linezolid

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16
Q

DOC for Entamoeba histolytica

A

Metronidazole (+ Luminal agent for mild, mod, severe infection or extraintestinal disease)

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17
Q

DOC for Giardia lamblia

A

Metronidazole

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18
Q

DOC for Cryptosporidium parvum

A

Nitazoxanide

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19
Q

DOC for Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (2g single oral dose)

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20
Q

DOC for Chloroquine-sensitive P. falciparum/malariae

A

Chloroquine

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21
Q

DOC for P. vivax/ovale

A

Chloroquine + Primaquine (for hypnozoites)

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22
Q

DOC for Uncomplicated, Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum

A

Quinine + Doxycycline/Clindamycin

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23
Q

DOC for Severe, complicated, Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum

A

1) Artesunate + Doxycycline/Clindamycin or Mefloquine/Malarone
2) Quinidine gluconate

24
Q

Prophylaxis for Non-resistant P. falciparum

A

Chloroquine

25
Q

Prophylaxis for multi-drug resistant P. falciparum

A

Doxycycline

26
Q

Prophylaxis for malaria in pregnant patients

A

Mefloquine

27
Q

DOC for malaria in pregnant patients

A

Quinidine

28
Q

DOC for Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

29
Q

DOC for Trypanosoma cruzi (American trypanosomiasis/Chagas’ disease)

A

Nifurtimox

30
Q

DOC for Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (West African trypanosomiasis)

A

Pentamidine (+ Eflornithine for CNS involvement)

31
Q

DOC for Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (East African trypanosomiasis)

A

Suramin (+ Melarsoprol for CNS involvement)

32
Q

DOC for Dinoflagellates (Red tide)

A

Neostigmine/Edrophonium

33
Q

DOC for Leishmania spp. (Cutaneous/Mucocutaneous/Kala-azar)

A

Sodium Stibogluconate (Antimony)

34
Q

DOC for Taenia solium (Neurocysticercosis)

A

Praziquantel

35
Q

DOC for Taenia saginata (Pruritus ani)

A

Praziquantel

36
Q

DOC for Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish tapeworm)

A

Praziquantel

37
Q

DOC for Echinococcus granulosus (Dog tapeworm)

A

Albendazole (significant systemic absorption for lung/liver disease); PAIR procedure

38
Q

DOC for Schistosoma japonicum (Swimmer’s itch, Katayama fever, Chronic liver disease)

A

Praziquantel

39
Q

DOC for Paragonimus westermanii (Endemic hemoptysis)

A

Praziquantel

40
Q

DOC for Asian liver fluke: Clonorchis sinensis (Chinese liver fluke), Opistorchis viverrini (Cholangiocarcinoma/Klatskin tumor)

A

Praziquantel

41
Q

DOC for Ascaris lumbricoides

A

Albendazole

42
Q

DOC for Hookworms

A

Albendazole (Both Necator and Ancylostoma)

43
Q

DOC for Pudoc worm

A

Albendazole (Capillaria philippinensis)

44
Q

DOC for parasite-induced Rectal prolapse

A

Mebendazole (Trichiuris trichiura)

45
Q

DOC for the most common soil-transmitted helminth in developed countries (cosmopolitan worm)

A

Pyrantel pamoate (Enterobius vermicularis)

46
Q

DOC for Larva currens

A

Ivermectin (Chronic serpigenous tract disease secondary to Strongyloides stercoralis)

47
Q

DOC for Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia

A

Diethylcarbazine (Wuchereria/Brugia)

48
Q

DOC for Elephantiasis

A

Diethylcarbamazine (Wuchereria/Brugia)

49
Q

DOC for parasite-induced myocarditis and respiratory myositis

A

Thiabendazole (Trichinella spiralis)

50
Q

DOC for disease transmitted by female blackfly (Simulium)

A

Ivermectin (Onchocerca volvulus)

51
Q

DOC for G (+) aerobic, non-motile, box-car shaped, medusa-head morphology causing malignant pustule with subsequent eschar and central necrosis

A

Ciprofloxacin (Cutaneous anthrax secondary to B. anthracis)

52
Q

DOC for upper GI ulceration, edema and sepsis secondary to ingestion of spores from animal hair and wool

A

Ciprofloxacin or Doxycycline with 1 or 2 additional antibiotics (Rifampicin, Vancomycin, Pencillin, Imipinem-Cilastatin, Clindamycin, Clarithromycin); (Gastrointestinal anthrax secondary to B. anthracis)

53
Q

A patient came at the ER suffering from 2 day history of penetrating eye injury from a sword buried under the ground for years. He has complete loss of light perception. What drugs may be used for the patient’s condition?

A

Vancomycin, Clindamycin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin (Ophthalmitis secondary to B. cereus)

54
Q

DOC for heat-labile toxin induced blockage of acetylcholine release causing descending flaccid paralysis

A

Mainly supportive.

Treatment for Botulism:
• adequate ventilatory support
• elimination of the organism from GIT (gastric lavage + metronidazole/penicillin)
• trivalent botulinum antitoxin (types A, B and E)

55
Q

DOC for lecithinase-induced cell membrane cleavage, leading to pain, edema and cellulitis with crepitation. May present with hemolysis and jaundice

A

Penicillin G (+ wound debridement for Gas Gangrene secondary to C. perfringens)

56
Q

DOC for non-bloody diarrhea associated with yellow-white pseudomembranes on the colonic mucosa with history of previous intake of Ceftriaxone

A

Oral Metronidazole/Vancomycin (Pseudomembranous colitis secondary to C. difficile; history of previous intake of Clindamycin (MCC), 2nd/3rd gen Cephalosporin or Ampicillin)

Microbiology (6 decks)

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