Bacteriology Flashcards
Buzzwords for: Chancroid
aka soft chancre; caused by Hemophilus ducreyi; painful, non-indurated genital ulcer; painful, suppurative lymphadenopathy (bubo)
Buzzwords for: Lymphogranuloma venereum
Chlamydia trachomatis (L1, L2, L3); painless papule or small, shallow ulcer that heals spontaneously; painful inflammation and enlargement of inguinal lymph nodes, (+) suppuration, necrosis, abscess and fistula formation; (+) groove sign; main effect results from damage to lymphatic system
Buzzwords for: Granuloma inguinale
Klebsiella granulomatis (previously Calymmatobacterium granulomatis); painless papule then ulcer (beefy red ulcer) with smooth surface, (-) lymph node involvement but (+) granuloma formation mistaken for lymphadenopathy (pseudobubo)
Triad of botulism:
- symmetric descending flaccid paralysis with prominent bulbar involvement
- absence of fever
- intact sensorium
Multiple lacerations with soil and dirt sustained during a mass vehicular accident, patient remembers the last time he was given complete Anti-tetanus vaccine (Ig) was 6 years ago; is tetanus prophylaxis necessary?
Yes.
Depending on vaccination history:
Uncertain or 3 doses
• Clean, minor= (-) tet tox (YES only if last dose given >10 yrs) (-) tetIg
• Contaminated = (-) tet tox (YES only if last dose given >5 years) (-) tetIg
What is the surface protein used by this G (+) aerobic, non-spore forming exhibiting tumbling motility, that enables it to penetrate the host cell by interacting with E-cadherin on the surface of host cells.
Internalin (L. monocytogenes)
What is the surface protein used by this G (+) aerobic, non-spore forming exhibiting tumbling motility, that enables it to escape neutralization by phagosomes in the host cell body.
Listeriolysin (L. monocytogenes)
This is the most severe form of the disease spectrum caused by this G (-) encapsulated, “kidney-bean” diplococci, glucose and maltose fermenter
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (N. meningitides); high fever, shock, widespread purpura, DIC, thrombocytopenia and bilateral adrenal hemorrhagic destruction
You were asked by your best friend about the contents of the vaccine used for the prevention of the diseases caused by the organism also known as the most common cause of meningitis in children aged 2-18 years. What are its contents?
Capsular polysaccharide of strains A, C, Y and W135 coupled to a carrier protein (diphtheria toxoid); (N. meningitides)
Endotoxin is the sole virulence factor of this facultative intracellular bacteria poorly visualized in gram-staining. What is this bacteria?
Legionella pneumophilia; instead of gram staining, it is visualized with silver-staining
Identify the bacteria: facultative G (-) rod, lactose fermenting on MacConkey’s agar, green metallic sheen on EMB agar, TSI agar shows acid slant and acid butt with gas but no H2S
Escherichia coli
Strain of E. coli causing persistent watery diarrhea in patients infected with HIV
Enteroadherent E. coli
This phase in the natural history of Tuspirina may last from 3-4 weeks (or longer); there is diminished paroxysmal
cough but there is increased risk of developing complications such as pneumonia, seizures or encephalopathy
Convalescent phase (Pertussis aka Tuspirina)
4 BFFs are concurrently experiencing Pertussis, and 1 is in each stage of its natural history. If we were to subject them for culture at the same time, at which stage would we obtain the highest culture yield?
Catarrhal (1-2 weeks)
Natural history: • Incubation (7-10 days) • Catarrhal • Paroxysmal (2-4 weeks) • Convalescent (3-4 weeks)
Characteristic “whoop” is secondary to what toxin of B. pertussis
Tracheal cytotoxin
