Drugs of Abuse (4-16-14) Flashcards
signs of opioid intoxication
MIOSIS N/V respiratory depression altered mental status nods euphoria
sings of opioid withdrawal
MYDRIASIS shaking N/V cramps insomnia agitation & anxiety
methadone: what’s it used for? MOA? How much do you give?
substitution therapy for opiods
long-acting opiod agonist
30mg can prevent withdrawal
never give >30mg initially –> death!
Naltrexone: what’s it used for? MOA?
Rx to stop opioid use
mu antagonist
orally bioavaiable; takes a while to get into system (don’t use in ER)
Naloxone: what’s it used for? MOA?
Rx to stop opioid use
mu antagonist
give IV or IM (ER)
Suboxone: what’s it used for? MOA?
Rx to stop opioid use
partial opiod agonist + kappa-antagonist
more docs can prescribe, less strict than methadone
Clonidine: what’s it used for? MOA?
Rx to stop opioid use alpha-2 agonist HTN medication prevents sympathetic effects that come w/ withdrawal don't use long term
Cocaine: signs of intoxication? What drugs do you not give with this?
MYDRIASIS tachycardia psychotic-like symptoms --> TACTILE HALLUCINATION = FORMICATION = ants crawling on you a-vasoconstriction --> MI/Stroke/HTN never give w/ beta blockers
Treatment for Cocaine?
abstinence
no meds work
PCP: MOA?
antagonizes NMDA
PCP: Signs of intoxication?
ROTARY NYSTAGMUS = pathognomic
seizures
superhuman strength
aggressive
What disease does PCP emulate?
schizophrenia
What disease does Cocaine emulate?
mania
Cannabis: MOA?
binds cannabinoid receptors
CB1 (brain
CB2
THC = neuroactive substance in marijuana –> partial agonist of CB1
Cannabis: Signs of intoxication?
CONJUNCTIVAL INJECTION psychosis lazy visual hallucinations altered perception of time anxiety symptoms
Cannabis: Signs of withdrawal?
anxiety
headaches
Cannabis: treatments?
none
Synthetic Cannabis: MOA? How much stronger than regular cannabis? Symptoms?
full agonist CB1 receptors
600-800x more potent than marijuana
lots of psychosis! 20-30% psychosis
Ecstacy/Molly: MOA?
Molly = Molecular MDMA
increases serotonin
Ecstacy/Molly: signs of intoxication?
hyperthermia! That girl Molly is hot!
Bath salts: signs of toxicity?
psychosis
violently agitated
Bath salts: what’s in them?
Amphetamines + MDMA = incr Dopamine, NE, Serotonin
LSD: MOA? SE? Toxicity? withdrawal?
increase serotonin Hallucinogen persistent psychotic state develop tolerance easily no withdrawal state
Krokodile
Desomorphine = short-acting morphine
causes degeneration of skin
