Drugs of Abuse! Flashcards
the use of psychoactive drugs in situations and amounts for purposes that are NOT socialy acceptable or mediccally approved
drug abuse
drug tolerance
neuronal adaptation to the influence of drug, reduction in response after repeated dosing
appearance of unpleasange symptoms that occur with abrupt cessation of drug use (withdrawal symptoms)
drug dependence
drug addiction
compulsive drug seeking behavior for drug use
all addictive drugs activate what
mesolimbic dopaminergic system
the mesolimbic system consists of
ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens
the mesolimci system is dominated by
dopaminergic neurotransmission
what drugs are exceptions to addiction
pure hallucinogens (target cortical and thalamic circuits)
what part of the GI system absorb ethanol more rapidly than the stomac
small intestine
ethanol works as a sedative hypnotic vvia
enhancing GABA action at the GABAa receptors
ethanol effeccts of memory and learning
inhibit the NMDA receptors which are involved in cognitive function
how does ethanol enhance the DA activity in the mesolimbic system
indirect activtaion of the cannabinoid receptors
400 mg/dl
respiratory depression/death
300-400 mg/dl
coma
200-300 mg/dl
emesis and stupor
100-200 mg/dl
impaired motor function, slurred speech and ataxia
chronic consumption of ethanol results in
upregulation of NMDA receptor and down regulation of GABAa receptors
delirium tremens
global confusion, psychotic symptoms and autonommic hyperactivity
triad of wernicke korsakoff syndrome
oculomotor dysfunction, gait ataxia and encephalopathy
mallory weiss tears
from chronic ethanol consumption–excessive vomitting induced longutindla lacerations of the GE junction associated with pain
acute ethanol use competitively inhibits
CYP2E1
chronic ethanol use induces
CYP2E1
what drugs are good to use for ethanol detox in liver disease patients
lorazepam and oxazepam
what are three drugs to prevent ethanol abuse
disulfiram, naltrexone and acamprosate
