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Clinical Neuro Final Exam > Diseases of the Ear > Flashcards

Diseases of the Ear Flashcards

1
Q

pinna is swollen

weeping serous fluid

A

frostbite

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2
Q

what is the treatment for frostbite

A

slowly warm; topical antibiotics

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3
Q

weepy, wet, vesicular eruption, form of contact dermatitis

A

neomycin allergy

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4
Q

treatment of neomycin allergy

A

topical and if severe, systemic steroids

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5
Q

diffusely inflamed, swollen without vesicles or weeping

A

cellulitis of auricle

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6
Q

what is treatment for cellulitis of auricle

A

topical antibiotics and if severe, systemic

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7
Q

typical wrestling injury

A

auricular hematoma

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8
Q

what is the treatment of auricular hematoma

A

treatment I and D and pressure dressing

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9
Q

pedunculated, single or multiple deep in the ear canal associated with cold water swimming

A

osteoma ear canal

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10
Q

lateral, broad based congenital

A

exostosis ear canal

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11
Q

what is the treatment for otitis externa

A

debridement, antibiotic wick, and oral antibiotic

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12
Q

what are the signs of otitis externa

A

erythema, edema, purulent dischage and debris

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13
Q

what is the etiology of malignant otitis externa

A

diabetes, immune compromise, and pseudomonas

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14
Q

what are the signs of malignant ototis externa

A
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15
Q

what is the treatment for malignant otitis externa

A

medicla control
IV antibiotics
debridement

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16
Q

looks like bread mold in the ear canal

A

fungal otitis externa (otomycosis)

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17
Q

benign lesions of the pinna that are unresponsive to topical antibiotics or steroids

A

chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis

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18
Q

whitish plaques of submucosal hylainization and calcification that generally does NOT effect hearing

A

tympanosclerosis

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19
Q

what are some common causes of acute otitis media

A

s pneumoniae

H influenze and M catarrhalis

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20
Q

treatment of acute otitis media

A

antibiotics, wait, myrinotomy

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21
Q

symptoms of acute otitis media

A

fever otaligia, hearing loss and drainage

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22
Q

neonatal AOM is caused by

A

gram negative bacilli and staph

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23
Q

complications of AOM

A 
persistent middle ear effusoin
TM performation
ossicular damage
facial paralysis
labrinthitis
epidural and brain abscess
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24
Q

myringitis

A

early acute otitis media

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25
Q

myringitis

A

inflammation of the TM without effusion

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26
Q

bullous myringitis

A

variant of AOM, same etiology, blistering of TM is present

27
Q

wwhat is the etiology of otitis media with effusion

A

normal after AOM for several weeks
eustachian tube dysfunction
adenoid hypertrophy
middle ear mucosa metaplasia

28
Q

symptoms of otitis media with effusion

A

hearing loss, behavioral distrubance, and dizziness

29
Q

signs of otitis media with effusion

A 
amber tynpanic membrane
air fluid level
bubbles
poor mobility
conductive hearing loss with flat typanogram
30
Q

eustachian tube is opened by

A

tensor veli palatini muscle

31
Q

treatment of eustachian tube dysfunction

A

repair clefts
treat allergies
adenoidectomy
myringotomy

32
Q

caused by rapid decsed diving or flying with ETD

A

barotrauma

33
Q

symtoms of barotrauma

A

severe pain, hearing loss, aural fullness, dizziness

34
Q

what is treatment of barotrauma

A

avoidance, slow descent, frequent clearing, decongestants, ear planes, steroids, myringotomy with tube

35
Q

no motion on pneumatic otoscopy

A

tympanic membrane perforations

36
Q

symptoms of typanic membrane performations

A

hearing loss and recurrent infections

37
Q

symptoms of inactive COM

A

no drainage, performation, atrophy of TM, fibrosis in middle ear and ossicular damage

38
Q

tympanoplasty

A

patching or total replacement of TM

39
Q

caused by colection of dibris in reaction pocket or ingrowth of sqamous debris through a performation

A

cholestetoma

40
Q

symptoms of a cholesteoma

A

drainage, hearing loss, dizziness, and minimal pain

41
Q

signs of cholesteoma

A

keratin debri, drainage granulations, polyp, cranial nerve 7 palsy

42
Q

treatment for cholesteoma

A

surgery, debridmenet

43
Q

infected granulation tissue associated with cholesteomas and chomic osteomatoidits

A

aural poly and cholesteoma

44
Q

a hereditary disease effecting the stapes, footplate, and cochlea

A

otosclerosis

45
Q

what is the age that otosclerosis manifests

A

young and middle aged adults

46
Q

how does otosclerosis present

A

conductive hearing loss with normal tympanometry

47
Q

what is the treatment of otosclerosis

A

surgical removal of stapes with laser and replacement with a teglon metal prosthesis (usually resolves hearing

48
Q

what are symptoms of meniere’s disease

A

episodic vertigo with fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus and aural fullness

49
Q

signs of menier’s disease

A

normal exam with low frequency sensineural loss, nystagmus

50
Q

what is the medical treatment of meniere’s disease

A

low salt diet, diuretic, vestibular suppressents (meclizine, valium, scopolmine patch)

51
Q

what is the surgical treatment for menier’es disease

A

endolymphatic mastoid shunt
vestibular neurectomy
labyrinthectomy

52
Q

reisner’s membrane is balloned out

A

indicative of meniere’s disease

53
Q

schwanomma of the 8th cranial nerve

A

acoustic neruoma

54
Q

acoustic neuroma (benign or malignant)

A

benign

55
Q

what are the symptoms of acoustic neuroma

A

unilateral sensineural hearin loss, unilateral tinnitus, dysequilibrium but RARE vertigo

56
Q

treatment of acoustic neuroma

A

surgical excision, gamma knife

57
Q

examples of ototoxic medications

A 
aminoglycosides (topical drops)
diuretics
cisplatin
salicylates
ethyl alcohol
cocaine
58
Q

examples of curable SNHL

A

symphillitic
autoimmune
perilympahtic fistula

59
Q

how do you treat autoimmune SNHL

A

prednisone and cytotoxan

60
Q

how do you treat syphilitic SNHL

A

penicillin and predinisone

61
Q

treatment of BPPV

A 
epley maneuvers
brandt exxeercises
sleep on affected side
posterior semicircular canal occlusion
vestibular rehabilitation
62
Q

what are the treatments for sudden sensory hearing loss

A

high dose oral steroids

transtympanic steroids

63
Q

perilymphatic fistula

A

positional vertigo
dysequiibrium
sudden hearing loss

Clinical Neuro Final Exam (7 decks)

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