Drugs, Lytes, Other Cardiac Conditions Flashcards
ECG findings for pericarditis (2)
diffuse ST elevation
depressed PR interval
Describe the morphology of ST changes in pericarditis?
flat or concave
Progression of ECG changes in pericarditis…
ST elevation
THEN
normal ST w/ T wave inversion
J point notching w. assymetric T wave and upsloped ST segment…
benign early repolarization
Are there reciprocal findings in other leads with benign early repolarizaiton?
no
2 ECG findings for pericardial effusion…
low voltage
electrical alternans
describe S1-Q3-T3 and the finding it represents…
PE
large S wave lead 1
Deep Q wave lead III
Inverted T wave lead III
describe the rate and rhythm of PE…
sinus tachy
What may be present in V1-V3 in a PE?
RBBB, T-wave inversions
Which QT interval abnormality can lead to torsades?
long QT syndrome
this QT abnormality is inherited and can lead to syncope, ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardia death
short QT syndrome
Visually, a normal QT is ______ the R-R interval
< 1/2
prolonged QT = ______ s in men, and _______ in women
- 44s men
0. 46s women
ECG findings of hyperkalemia… (5)
Tall, peaked T waves (all leads)
flat P waves
1st degree AV block
wide QRS
“sine wave” pattern ST
3 ECG findings of hypokalemia…
flattened T waves
prominent U waves
low/depressed ST segment
as hypokalemia progresses U waves become _____ compared to T waves
more prominent
- increased PR and QRS intervals
- BBB/AV blocks
Short QT
hypercalcemia
ECG finding in hypocalcemia, hypopotassemia, hypomagnesemia
prolonged QT
shortened QT
flat T waves
asymmetric ST depression (down-sloping curve)
T wave inversion
therapeutic digoxin
PAT with 2nd degree AV block is the most common rhythm disturbance in…
digoxin toxicity
4 drug classes that prolong QT…
anti-arrhythmics
TCAs
phenothiazines
macrolides
at what percent of QT prolongation should a drug be d/c?
> 25%
Which drug?
prolonged QT
narrow QT/wide RS
Long PRI
TCA overdose
Hypothermia presents with _____ PRI, QRS and QT intervals and unique waveforms called ______ waves
prolonged intervals
osborn waves
ST elevation with abrupt ascent at J point, followed by plunge to baseline…
These are called _____ and are common in what condition?
osborn waves
hypothermia
______ can cause 3 characteristic ECG patterns with variable ST segment elevation…
brugada syndrome
____ and _____ decrease the QT interval
digoxin, hypercalcemia
