Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HLSC 220 Pharmacotherapeutics for Health Professionals 💊 > Drugs for Thyroid Disorders - Ch. 61 > Flashcards

Drugs for Thyroid Disorders - Ch. 61 Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 hormones does the thyroid gland secrete?

A

Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyroxine (T4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is hypothyroidism?

A

Deficiency of thyroid hormone
-Reduced thyroid hormone production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the kinds of hypothyroidism?

A

Primary
Secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is primary hypothyroidism?

A

Abnormality in the thyroid gland itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is secondary hypothyroidism?

A

Caused by another body system dysfunction
e.g,
Pituitary gland is dysfunctional and doesn’t secrete thyroid hormone

Hypothalamus does not secrete TRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is hypothyroidism in newborns and infants called?

A

Cretinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are symptoms of cretinism?

A

Low metabolic rate
Retarded growth and sexual development
Mental retardation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are symptoms of hypothyroidism in adults?

A

Firm edema (myxedema)
Decreased metabolic rate
-intolarance to cold, weight gain
Slow heart rate
Loss of mental and physical stamina
Hair loss
Goiter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a gaiter?

A

Enlargement of thyroid gland
Results from overstimulation by elevated levels of TSH

-TSH elevated bc there is little or no thyroid hormone for negative feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When can the presence of a goiter occur?

A

Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism

-demonstartes excessive stimulation of thyroid gland in both cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is used to treat Hypothyroidism?

A

Levothyroxine (synthroid)
Liothyronine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What hormone is levothyroxine a synthetic version of?

A

Thyroid hormone T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is levothyroxine used for in relation to hypothyroidism?

A

Replacement therapy
-maintancement therapy preferred agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How long might it take for levothyroxine to take its full effect?

A

4-6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the half life of Levothyroxine?

A

~7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What hormone is liothyronine a synthetic version of?

A

Thyroid hormone T3

17
Q

What is liothyronine used for in relation to hypothyroidism?

A

Myxedema coma
-Has a quicker onset, shorter half life

18
Q

When might synthetic thyroid hormone drugs be used?

A

Surgical removal of thyroids glands (thyroid replacement)
Destroyed by radioactive iodine in the treatment of thyroid cancer or hyperthyroidism
unknown causes of hypothyroidism

19
Q

What adverse effects are associated with thyroid hormone agents?

A

Thyrotoxicosis (drug excess)

20
Q

What are the signs of thyrotoxicosis?

A

Cardiac dysrhythmias (palpitations)
Tachycardia, angina, hypertension
Insomnia, termos, headache, anxiety
nausea, diarrhea
menstrual irregularities
Weight loss, sweating, heat intolerance

21
Q

When should thyroid hormone agents be used with caution?

A

Patients with cardiac disease, hypertension

22
Q

When should a patient take levothyroxine?

A

30-60 min before breakfast
-food decreases drug absorption

23
Q

Many drugs decrease the absorption of thyroid hormone agents, what are some examples?

A

PPIs
Antacids

24
Q

What are the types of Hyperthyroidism?

A

Graves disease (autoimmune)
Toxic nodule goiter

25
Q

What causes graves disease?

A

Antibodies stimulate thyroid gland to secrete excessive amounts of T3 and T4

26
Q

What can be present in someone with Graves disease?

A

Goiter

27
Q

What is toxic nodule goiter?

A

Functionally autonomous nodules
e.g, Thyroid gland tumour

28
Q

What can result because of hyperthyroidism?

A

Excessive thyroid hormone secretion can cause thyrotoxicosis

29
Q

How is hyperthyroidism treated?

A

Radioactive iodine (131I)
Surgery to remove all or parts of thyroid gland
Antithyroid drugs

30
Q

How does radioactive iodine (131I) treat hyperthyroidism?

A

Works by destroying thyroid gland

31
Q

What are antithyroid drugs?

A

Thioamide derivatives

32
Q

Examples of antithyroid drugs?

A

Methimazole
propylthiouracil (PTU)

33
Q

What do antithyroid drugs do?

A

Prevent thyroid hormone synthesis

34
Q

How long do antithyroid drugs take for full effect?

A

3-12 weeks

35
Q

What should a patient taking antithyroid medications do?

A

Take at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels

36
Q

When is methimazole use contraindicated?

A

1st trimester of pregnancy (PTU preferred)

37
Q

What symptoms of overdose of thyroid hormone be monitored for?

A

Cold intolerance
Depression
Edema

HLSC 220 Pharmacotherapeutics for Health Professionals 💊 (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions