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Pharma > DRUGS FOR PAIN AND INFLAMMATION > Flashcards

DRUGS FOR PAIN AND INFLAMMATION Flashcards

1
Q

Uses: mild to moderate pain of the skeletal
muscle & joint
➔ NOT addictive & are less potent than
narcotic analgesics

A

ANALGESICS (NON-OPIOD/NON NARCOTIC)

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2
Q

MOA: act on peripheral nervous system at the pain receptor sites by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis

A

ANALGESICS

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3
Q

Effective for dull, throbbing pain of
headache, dysmenorrhea, pain from
inflammation, minor abrasions, muscular pain and mild-moderate arthritis

A

ANALGESICS

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4
Q

ASPIRIN - a salicylate, oldest non narcotic
analgesic drug

A

ANALGESICS

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5
Q

CI: children < 12 years old (Reye’s syndrome)

A

ANALESICS

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6
Q

DI: +warfarin, heparin, thrombolytics = increase bleeding ibuprofen + insulin/OHA =
hypoglycemia

A

ANALGESICS

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7
Q

SE: gastric irritation, excess bleeding might
occur during the first two days of menstruation

A

ANALGESICS

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8
Q

Nursing Responsibilities:
➔ take with food
➔ with glass of water
➔ monitor platelet bleeding time PT
➔ d/c aspirin 7 days prior to surgery

A

ANALGESICS

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9
Q

MOA: weakly inhibits prostaglandin synthesis which decreases pain sensation & heat

A

ACETAMINOPHEN (TYLENOL, TEMPRA)

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10
Q

Is safe, effective analgesic & antipyretic
drug used for muscular aches & fever caused by viral infections

A

ACETAMINOPHEN

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11
Q

➔ causes no / little gastric distress; does
not interfere with platelet aggregation, no anti inflammatory effect

A

ACETAMINOPHEN

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12
Q

CI: severe hepatic / renal disease, alcoholism, hypersensitivity

A

ACETAMINOPHEN

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13
Q

DI: +caffeine = increase effect +oral
contraceptives, anticholinergics = decrease
effects

A

ACETAMINOPHEN

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14
Q

SE/ AE: hepatotoxicity, early symptoms of
hepatic damage (N/V, diarrhea & abdominal
pain)

A

ACETAMINOPHEN

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15
Q

Nursing Considerations:
➔ Liver enzymes,self medications should not
be used for more than 10 days for adults & 5
days for children
➔ keep out of children’s reach
➔ acetylcysteine (antidote)
➔ no alcohol

A

ACETAMINOPHEN

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16
Q

MOA: binds to opiate receptors in the CNS,
reduces stimuli from sensory nerve end, pain threshold is increased

A

NARCOTIC ANALGESICS/ OPIOID ANALGESICS

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17
Q

USES:
➔ moderate - severe pain
➔ suppresses pain muscles
➔ suppresses respiratory & coughing by acting on the respiratory & cough centers in the medulla of the brainstem

A

NARCOTIC ANALGESICS/ OPIOID ANALGESICS

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18
Q

CI: with respiratory dysfunction, head injuries, increase ICP, hepatic and renal disease, alcoholism

A

NARCOTIC ANALGESICS, OPIOID ANALGESICS

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19
Q

DI: +alcohol, sedatives-hypnotics and other
CNS depressants + increase CNS depression; may increase ALT/ AST

A

NARCOTIC ANALGESICS/ OPIOID ANALGESICS

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20
Q

SE:
- N/V (particularly in ambulating patients)
- constipation (less in demerol)
- moderate decrease of blood pressure
- orthostatic hypotension (high dose)
- antitussive effect (except demerol)
- CNS: drowsiness, dizziness, confusion,
sedation,
- PUPIL CONSTRICTION - pinpoint pupil - sign of toxicity

A

NARCOTIC ANALGESICS/ OPIOID ANALGESICS

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21
Q

Codeine: not as potent as morphine

A

NARCOTIC ANALGESICS/ OPIOID ANALGESICS

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22
Q

Morphine sulfate: potent analgesics (can depress respiration), effective against MI,
dyspnea-pulmonary edema, pre op meds

A

NARCOTIC ANALGESICS/ OPIOID ANALGESICS

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23
Q

: shorter duration of action than morphine, potency varies according to dosage

A

MEPERIDINE (DEMEROL)

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24
Q

most commonly used narcotic for
alleviating post op pain, no antitussive property

A

MEPERIDINE (DEMEROL)

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25
Q
  • preferred in pregnancy (does not
    diminish uterine contractions & causes less
    neonatal respiratory depression)
  • not prescribed for long term used
A

MEPERIDINE (DEMEROL)

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26
Q

**withdrawal symptoms called: ABSTINENCE SYNDROME occurs 24-48 hours after last

A

MEPERIDINE (DEMEROL)

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27
Q

Nursing Considerations:
- VS do not give if RR is < 10/min, BP <
90/70 mmHg
- Administer before pain reaches its peak
to maximize the effectiveness
- Should not taken with alcohol or
sedative -hypnotics
- Check urine output & bowel elimination
- Assist patient in ambulation
- Have naloxone (Narcan) ready as
antidote
- Do not abruptly withdraw medicine
- Assess for toxicity due to overdose
- Instruct about deep breathing &
coughing exercises especially in patients with altered pulmonary function

A

NARCOTICE ANALGESICS/ OPIOID ANALGESICS

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28
Q

Antidotes for overdoses of narcotic
analgesic

A

NARCOTIC ANTAGONIST

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29
Q

Have higher affinity to the opiate receptor site than the narcotic being taken

A

NARCOTIC ANTAGONIST

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30
Q

Blocks the receptor & displaces any narcotic that would be at the receptor, thus
inhibiting the neurotic action

A

NARCOTIC ANTAGONIST

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31
Q

Reverses respiratory and CNS depression

A

NARCOTIC ANTAGONIST

32
Q

EG: naloxone (Narcan) - IM, IV
NSG: Vs q5, q15, q30 until stable

A

NARCOTIC ANTAGONIST

33
Q

a narcotic but cause less
dependency that the narcotics it is replacing
- Helps the narcotic addicted person to
withdraw from narcotics without causing
withdrawal symptoms
- Given OD (longer half life)

A

METHADONE

33
Q

a narcotic but cause less
dependency that the narcotics it is replacing
- Helps the narcotic addicted person to
withdraw from narcotics without causing
withdrawal symptoms
- Given OD (longer half life)

A

METHADONE

34
Q

pentazocine (Talwin)

A

NARCOTIC AGONIST - ANTAGONIST

35
Q

Butorphanol tartrate (Stadol)

A

NARCOTIC AGONIST - ANTAGONIST

36
Q

Nalbuphine HCL (Nubain),

A

NARCOTIC AGONIST - ANTAGONIST

37
Q

Buprenorphine (Buprenex)

A

NARCOTIC AGONIST - ANTAGONIST

38
Q

Salicylate (aspirin)

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

39
Q

Non-salicylate Parachorobenzoic acid
- Indomethacin (Indocin)
- sulindac
- tolmetin

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMTORY

40
Q

Pyrazolone derivatives
- phenylbutazone

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

41
Q

Propionic acid derivatives
- ibuprofen (Alaxan, Advil)
- naproxen
- ketoprofen (Orudis)

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

42
Q

Fenamates
- meclofenamate (Meclofen)
- mefenamic acid (ponstan)

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

43
Q

Oxicam
- meloxicam (Mobic)

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

44
Q

Phenylacetic acid derivatives
- diclofenac Na (Voltaren, Cataflam)
- ketorolac (Toradol)

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

45
Q

Selective COX2 inhibitors
- celecoxib

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

46
Q

MOA: inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase
(COX) that is needed for the biosynthesis of
prostaglandin

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

47
Q

USES:
- reduce inflammatory process
- relieve pain
- Reduce fever

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

48
Q

CI: severe renal and hepatic disease. GI bleed, hypersensitivity (**aspirin: tinnitus, vertigo, bronchospasm especially asthmatic)

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

49
Q

SE: GI irritation, anorexia, N/V, dizziness,
confusion, hearing loss, heartburn, drowsiness

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

50
Q

AE: GI bleed, tinnitus, life threatening (BM
depression, hepatotoxicity, bronchospasm,
cardiac dysrhythmias

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

51
Q

DI: +anticoagulants, anti platelets,
thrombolytics = increase GI bleed

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

52
Q

Nursing Responsibilities:
- Take with meals
- Check hypersensitivity
- Monitor bleeding
- Avoid alcohol
- Inform clients that it may take several
weeks to experience the desired effect of some NSAIDs
- Direct client to inform the dentist or
surgeon before a procedure when taking
ibuprofen or other NSAIDs for a continuous
period

A

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

53
Q

MOA: suppress the intensity of the
inflammatory process; can control inflammation by suppressing or preventing many of the components of inflammatory process at the injured site

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

54
Q

USES: Myocarditis, pericarditis, arthritis,
tendonitis, bursitis, ulcerative colitis, dermatitis

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

55
Q

Major side effects:
Buffalo hump - accumulation of fat on
the back of the neck

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

56
Q

Major side effects:
Moon face - rounded, puffy face

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

57
Q

Major side effects:
immunosuppressant effect -inability of
the immune system to respond to
antigenic stimulation

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

58
Q

Major side effects:
- Growth retardation
- Mood swing
- Acne
- Trunkal obesity
- Sterility

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

59
Q

Major side effects:
- Cardiac dysrhythmias - tachycardia
most common
- Inhibited CHON synthesis
- Hypokalemia, hypocalcemia,
hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, hypertension

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

60
Q

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS:
- Usually recommended for short term
use
- Taper off slowly to prevent adrenal
insufficiency
- High CHON, potassium, calcium, low
sodium intake

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

61
Q
  • Daily eight, report weight gain > 5 lbs
  • Check CBC. Strengthen immune system
  • Take with food
  • Avoid vaccines without APs approval
A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

62
Q

cortisone acetate (Corstitan)

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

63
Q

hydrocortisone (Cortisol)

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

64
Q

prednisone (Deltasone)

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

65
Q

fluticasone (Flixotide)

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOTEROIDS

66
Q

dexamethasone (Decadrone)

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

67
Q

betamethasone (Celestone)

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

68
Q

budesonide (Budecort)

A

STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CORTICOSTEROIDS

69
Q

Common drugs Colchicine (Novovolchine)
- Anti inflammatory
- Inhibits migration of leukocytes at
inflamed site
- Does not inhibit uric acid, does not
promote uric acid excretion

A

ANTI-GOUT AGENTS

70
Q

Probenecid (Benemid)
- Uricosuric agent
- Increase rate of uric acid excretion by
inhibiting its reabsorption
- Should not be used in acute attack

A

ANTI-GOUT AGENTS

71
Q

Sulfinpyrazone (Anturane)
- More potent than probenecid

A

ANTI-GOUT AGENTS

72
Q

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
- Uric acid inhibitor, not anti inflammatory
- Inhibits final step of uric acid biosynthesis
- Useful for client who do not respond well
to uricosurics

A

ANTI-GOUT AGENTS

73
Q

USES:
- Comtrol acute inflammation of the attack
- Increase excretion of uric acid
- Decrease production of uric acid
- Gouty arthritis
- Control uric acid production with
antineoplastic drug therapy

A

ANTI-GOUT AGENTS

74
Q

SE: kidney stones, N/V, diarrhea, HA, flushed skin & rash, metallic taste, drowsiness

A

ANTI-GOUT AGENTS

75
Q

AE: Bone Marrow depression

A

ANTI-GOUT AGENTS

76
Q

Nursing Responsibilities:
- Fluid intake (at least 2L/day)
- Alkaline urine: Milk, Fruits except
cranberries, plums, prunes, Most vegetables,
Small amount of beef
- Compliance, low purine foods: (high)
beer, wine, shellfish, legumes, gravy, organ
meat, salmon, sardines
- CBC
- Acetaminophen instead of ASA (elevate
uric acid)
- Avoid large doses of Vit C
- Take with food

A

ANTI-GOUT AGENTS

Pharma (4 decks)

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