Drugs for GI Bleeds Flashcards
Histamine blocker
Famotidine
Side effects of histamine blockers
Most don’t have any.
Some can cause diarrhea, headache, dizziness, rash, tiredness
Nursing implications for histamine blockers
Watch for:
Worsening of symptoms
Vomiting of blood
Blood in stools
Unintentional weight loss
Difficulty swallowing
Persistent abdominal pain
(Many require renal dosing adjustments)
Action/use of histamine blockers
Block all factors that stimulate the parietal cells in the stomach to secrete hydrochloric acid
Proton pump inhibitor
Omeprazole
Action/use for proton pump inhibitors
Inhibit gastric secretion by specific inhibition of the hydrogen-potassium-adenosine triphosphatase enzyme system
Side effects for proton pump inhibitors
Constipation
Diarrhea
Flatulence
Headaches
Nausea
Abdominal pain
Vomiting
Nursing implications for proton pump inhibitors
Monitor for:
Presence of blood in vomit or stool
Unintentional weight loss
Difficulty swallowing
Abdominal pain
Persistent vomiting
Mucosal barrier enhancer
Sucralfate
Action/use of mucosal barrier enhancers
Reduce the effects of acid secretion
Promote healing
Side effects of mucosal barrier enhancers
Constipation
Dizziness
Lightheadedness
Severe allergic reactions
Nursing implications for mucosal barrier enhancers (and sucralfate specifically)
Assess for presence of dizziness
May have sensitivity to the aluminum in it
Antacid
Calcium carbonate (Tums)
Action/use of antacids
Direct alkaline buffer to control the pH of the gastric mucosa
Side effects of antacids and (calcium carbonate specifically)
Cause a laxative effect
Dangerous when used with renal failure
Nausea
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Diarrhea
Produces gas and belching
