Drugs enhancing GABA systems Flashcards
triazolam
Benzodiazepine
- duration of action: short
- treat insomnia
temazepam
Benzodiazepine
- duration of action: medium
- treat insomnia
diazepam
Benzodiazepine
- duration of action: long
- treat anxiety, seizures, muscle spasm, preanesthesia. alcohol and opiate “detoxification & reversal of addiction”
chlordiazepoxide
Benzodiazepine
- duration of action: long
- treat anxiety, alcohol and opiate “detoxification & reversal of addiction”
lorazepam
Benzodiazepine
- duration of action: medium
- treat anxiety, preanesthesia
alprazolam
Benzodiazepine
- duration of action: medium
- treat anxiety, panic disorders
clonazepam
Benzodiazepine
- duration of action: very long
- treat seizures
midazolam
Benzodiazepine
- duration of action: short
- treat preanesthesia, anesthesia
oxazepam
Benzodiazepine
-duration of action: short
flumazenil
treatment for benzodiazepine overdose side effect
-bz antagonist (binds on the same site on the GABA receptor as bz and blocks bz effect)
phenobarbital
Barbiturate
- oral or intravenous
- medium onset, long duration
- sedative, hypnotic, antiepileptic
pentobarbital
Barbiturate
- intravenous
- short onset, medium duration
- sedative, hypnotic, anesthetic
thiopental
Barbiturate
- intravenous
- ultrashort onset, short duration
- anesthetic
zolpidem
Other hypnotics: acting at GABA receptor
- everything same as benzodiazephine (except it is not bz)
- not used for other uses of bz/barbiturates
eszopiclone
Other hypnotics: acting at GABA receptor
- everything same as benzodiazephine (except it is not bz)
- not used for other uses of bz/barbiturates
zaleplon
Other hypnotics: acting at GABA receptor
- everything same as benzodiazephine (except it is not bz)
- not used for other uses of bz/barbiturates
ramelteon
Other hypnotics: NOT acting at GABA receptor
- no interaction with GABA receptor
- agonist at melatonin receptors (melatonin = “natural” sleep inducer)
- not used for other uses of bz/barbiturates
doxepin
Other hypnotics: NOT acting at GABA receptor
- no interaction with GABA receptor
- agonist at histamine H1 & H2 receptors
- not used for other uses of bz/barbiturates
buspirone
Other anxiolytic: NOT acting at GABA receptor
- no interaction with GABA receptor
- only useful as anxiolytic
- agonist at 5HT(1A) receptor
- not immediate effect (1-2 weeks delay)
- not used for other uses of bz/barbiturates
