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Interventions 2 (RESP 319) > Drugs, Electrolyte, Values > Flashcards

Drugs, Electrolyte, Values Flashcards

General knowledge for this class.

1
Q

Lab Normal and Crit Value for: Platelet Count

A

Normal: 150-400 x 10E9 /L

Critical: <10 x 10E9/L

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2
Q

Lab Normal and Crit Value for: INR

A

Normal: 0.9-1.1

Critical: >5

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3
Q

Lab Normal and Crit Value for: aPTT

A

Normal: 27-37 Secs

Crtitical: >120

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4
Q

Lab Normal and Crit Value for: Fibrinogen

A

Normal: 1.6-4.1g/L

Critical: < 1.0g/L

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5
Q

Radial Arterial Sample Needle Size

  • Angle for puncture?
A

23 or 25 Gauge & 2.54cm (1’)

[30-45 degree angle]

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6
Q

How do you treat moderate to high WOB?

A

CPAP

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7
Q

When do you perform PPV on a neonate?

A

When they stop breathing or their HR drops below 100

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8
Q

Preductal SpO2 values?

A
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9
Q

In neonates, stridor occurs during inspiration. What is typically associated with stridor?

A

Tracheomalacia (floppy/compliant trachea)

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10
Q

How do you manage a neonate if their HR dropped bc of hypoxemia?

A

Neopuff: 10-12LPM (starting)
PIP = 20 cmH20
PEEP = 5cmH20

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11
Q

How do assess the effectiveness of PPV?

A

HR

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12
Q

Why would a babe have high pressures during PPV or need them?

A

Fluid in the lungs

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13
Q

Which group of neonate patients DON’T need mech. ventilation?

A

PaCO2 > 60mmHg
pH < 7.25

Put on CPAP (pressures 5-6)

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14
Q

Laryngoscope blade sizes?

A

No. 1 = term newborn
No. 0 = preterm
No. 00 = very preterm

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15
Q

Endotracheal Tube Sizes?

A
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16
Q

What size would you select for Suction Catheters for the following ETT sizes:

  • 2.5
  • 3.0
  • 3.5
A
  • 2.5 = 5F or 6F
  • 3.0 = 6F or 8F
  • 3.5 = 8F
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17
Q

How do you estimate ETT Insertion Depth?

A

6 + weight in kg

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18
Q

Suction pressure for a neonate?

A

60-80mmhg

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19
Q

Suction pressure for larger infants and children?

A

80-100mmHg

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20
Q

Suction pressure for Meconium Aspirator?

A

80-100mmHg

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21
Q

When to increase CPAP?

A
  • Fi02 remains high
  • WOB remains high
  • Increase slowly about 1 cmH20 per increment
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22
Q

When should you consider intubation and PPV?

A
  • FiO2 is increasing
  • WOB remains high
  • BP Change
  • Apneic/unresponsive
  • Poor ABG
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23
Q

Consider discontinuation of CPAP?

A
  • Low CPAP
  • Low FiO2
  • Low WOB
24
Q

Decrease CPAP when?

A
  • FiO2 is low
  • WOB is low
25
Q

PALS Meds: Adenosine

A

SVT/Tachycardia with wide QRS

26
Q

PALS Meds: Amiodarone

A

Tachyarrhythmias

27
Q

PALS Meds: Atropine

A

Bradycardia

28
Q

PALS Meds

  • When would you use Epinephrine?
A

Cardiac arrest/shock

29
Q

PALS Meds: Lidocaine

A

Tachyarrhythmia (given for VT/VF that has been shocked and 2 doses of epi given)

30
Q

PALS Meds: Milrinone

A

Cardiogenic shock

31
Q

PALS Meds: Procainamide

A

Tachyarrhythmias

32
Q

PALS Meds: Sodium Bicarb

A

Metabolic Acidosis

33
Q

What drug is a possible treatment for a Pediatric cardiac arrest?

A

Lidocaine

34
Q

What complications arise with retained secretions?

A
  • Increased airway resistance
  • Increase WOB
  • Hypoxemia, hypercapnia, atelectasis and infection
35
Q

What are the Vent Setting Parameters for: Volume Control (VC)?

A

Vt, RR, PEEP, Flow Rate, Ti Pause

36
Q

What are the Vent Setting Parameters for: Pressure Control (PC)?

A

ΔP, RR, PEEP, Ti total

37
Q

What are the Vent Setting Parameters for: Pressure Control Adaptive (PRVC)?

A

PRVC: Vt, RR, PEEP, Ti total

38
Q

What are Time Constants?

A

TC = R x C

  • Time required to inflate region
  • Used pressure control by determining equilibrium
39
Q

How do you calculate Minute Volume (MV)?

A

Vt x RR

40
Q

How do you calculate Vt in adults?

A

6-8ltrs x weight in Kg

41
Q

What Mech. Ventilation goals should you tailor for Pts with: COPD and/or Asthma?

A

RR set 10-12

  • Shorter Ti, Faster flow = more time to exhale
  • Watch PEEP (air trapping)
  • If Air Trapping occurs, reduce Ti to increase Te.
42
Q

What Mech. Ventilation goals should you tailor for Pts with: ARDS?

A

Pressure Control ventilation & Optimal PEEP is key in oxygenation.

  • Smaller Vt (4-6ml/kg)
  • PEEP > 10-14cmH2O
  • RR set to reflect permsive hypercapnia (pH 7.25)
  • 1:1 I:E
43
Q

What Mech. Ventilation goals should you tailor for Pts with: TBI?

A
  • Target PaCO2 35-40mmHg & pH 7.40-7.45
  • PaO2 80-120 mmHg
    = loaded for bear. What blood reaches the
    brain will be hyper oxygenated.
44
Q

For Pts. on TBI protocol, why do we aim for lower ends of pH and PaCO2 norms?

A

Therapeutic hyperventilation aides in cerebral vasoconstriction. For TBI we want vasoconstriction because it:

  • Decreases blood flow
  • Lowers Metabolic Demand
  • Decreases ICP
45
Q

When there is changes in compliances, when would you use volume or pressure control?

A
  • Use volume control for less damage during changing compliance
  • Use pressure control for less damage during changing resistance
46
Q

What does high PCO2 do systemically vs in the lungs?

A
  • High PCO2 systemically causes vasodilation (wash out)
  • High PCO2 in the lungs causes vasoconstriction (hypoxic drive, redirect blood to where it can get oxygenated)
47
Q

How much epi via IV/IO do you administer?

A

0.01mg/kg every 3-5 mins

48
Q

How much epi via ETT do you administer?

A

0.1mg/kg

49
Q

How much amiodarone via IV/IO do you administer?

A

5mg/kg

50
Q

What is the max amount of amiodarone doses can you give?

A

Max of 2 doses

51
Q

How much atropine via IV/IO do you administer?

A

0.02mg/kg with a minimum of 0.1mg

52
Q

What is the minimum dose of atropine?

A

0.1mg

53
Q

What is the maximum dose of atropine?

A

0.5mg

54
Q

How many time can you give atropine?

A

Twice

55
Q

What is the first dose of adenosine?

A

0.1mg/kg with a max of 6mg

56
Q

What is the second dose of adenosine?

A

0.2mg/kg with a max of 12mg

Interventions 2 (RESP 319) (25 decks)

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