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Interventions 2 (RESP 319) > Drugs, Electrolyte, Values > Flashcards

Drugs, Electrolyte, Values Flashcards

General knowledge for this class.

1
Q

Lab Normal and Crit Value for: Platelet Count

A

Normal: 150-400 x 10E9 /L

Critical: <10 x 10E9/L

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2
Q

Lab Normal and Crit Value for: INR

A

Normal: 0.9-1.1

Critical: >5

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3
Q

Lab Normal and Crit Value for: aPTT

A

Normal: 27-37 Secs

Crtitical: >120

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4
Q

Lab Normal and Crit Value for: Fibrinogen

A

Normal: 1.6-4.1g/L

Critical: < 1.0g/L

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5
Q

Radial Arterial Sample Needle Size

  • Angle for puncture?
A

23 or 25 Gauge & 2.54cm (1’)

[30-45 degree angle]

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6
Q

How do you treat moderate to high WOB?

A

CPAP

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7
Q

When do you perform PPV on a neonate?

A

When they stop breathing or their HR drops below 100

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8
Q

Preductal SpO2 values?

A
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9
Q

In neonates, stridor occurs during inspiration. What is typically associated with stridor?

A

Tracheomalacia (floppy/compliant trachea)

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10
Q

How do you manage a neonate if their HR dropped bc of hypoxemia?

A

Neopuff: 10-12LPM (starting)
PIP = 20 cmH20
PEEP = 5cmH20

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11
Q

How do assess the effectiveness of PPV?

A

HR

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12
Q

Why would a babe have high pressures during PPV or need them?

A

Fluid in the lungs

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13
Q

Which group of neonate patients DON’T need mech. ventilation?

A

PaCO2 > 60mmHg
pH < 7.25

Put on CPAP (pressures 5-6)

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14
Q

Laryngoscope blade sizes?

A

No. 1 = term newborn
No. 0 = preterm
No. 00 = very preterm

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15
Q

Endotracheal Tube Sizes?

A
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16
Q

What size would you select for Suction Catheters for the following ETT sizes:

  • 2.5
  • 3.0
  • 3.5
A
  • 2.5 = 5F or 6F
  • 3.0 = 6F or 8F
  • 3.5 = 8F
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17
Q

How do you estimate ETT Insertion Depth?

A

6 + weight in kg

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18
Q

Suction pressure for a neonate?

A

60-80mmhg

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19
Q

Suction pressure for larger infants and children?

A

80-100mmHg

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20
Q

Suction pressure for Meconium Aspirator?

A

80-100mmHg

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21
Q

When to increase CPAP?

A
  • Fi02 remains high
  • WOB remains high
  • Increase slowly about 1 cmH20 per increment
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22
Q

When should you consider intubation and PPV?

A
  • FiO2 is increasing
  • WOB remains high
  • BP Change
  • Apneic/unresponsive
  • Poor ABG
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23
Q

Consider discontinuation of CPAP?

A
  • Low CPAP
  • Low FiO2
  • Low WOB
24
Q

Decrease CPAP when?

A
  • FiO2 is low
  • WOB is low
25
PALS Meds: Adenosine
SVT/Tachycardia with wide QRS
26
PALS Meds: Amiodarone
Tachyarrhythmias
27
PALS Meds: Atropine
Bradycardia
28
PALS Meds - When would you use Epinephrine?
Cardiac arrest/shock
29
PALS Meds: Lidocaine
Tachyarrhythmia (given for VT/VF that has been shocked and 2 doses of epi given)
30
PALS Meds: Milrinone
Cardiogenic shock
31
PALS Meds: Procainamide
Tachyarrhythmias
32
PALS Meds: Sodium Bicarb
Metabolic Acidosis
33
What drug is a possible treatment for a Pediatric cardiac arrest?
Lidocaine
34
What complications arise with retained secretions?
- Increased airway resistance - Increase WOB - Hypoxemia, hypercapnia, atelectasis and infection
35
What are the Vent Setting Parameters for: Volume Control (VC)?
Vt, RR, PEEP, Flow Rate, Ti Pause
36
What are the Vent Setting Parameters for: Pressure Control (PC)?
ΔP, RR, PEEP, Ti total
37
What are the Vent Setting Parameters for: Pressure Control Adaptive (PRVC)?
PRVC: Vt, RR, PEEP, Ti total
38
What are Time Constants?
TC = R x C - Time required to inflate region - Used pressure control by determining equilibrium
39
How do you calculate Minute Volume (MV)?
Vt x RR
40
How do you calculate Vt in adults?
6-8ltrs x weight in Kg
41
What Mech. Ventilation goals should you tailor for Pts with: COPD and/or Asthma?
RR set 10-12 - Shorter Ti, Faster flow = more time to exhale - Watch PEEP (air trapping) - If Air Trapping occurs, reduce Ti to increase Te.
42
What Mech. Ventilation goals should you tailor for Pts with: ARDS?
Pressure Control ventilation & Optimal PEEP is key in oxygenation. - Smaller Vt (4-6ml/kg) - PEEP > 10-14cmH2O - RR set to reflect permsive hypercapnia (pH 7.25) - 1:1 I:E
43
What Mech. Ventilation goals should you tailor for Pts with: TBI?
- Target PaCO2 35-40mmHg & pH 7.40-7.45 - PaO2 80-120 mmHg = loaded for bear. What blood reaches the brain will be hyper oxygenated.
44
For Pts. on TBI protocol, why do we aim for lower ends of pH and PaCO2 norms?
Therapeutic hyperventilation aides in cerebral vasoconstriction. For TBI we want vasoconstriction because it: - Decreases blood flow - Lowers Metabolic Demand - **Decreases ICP**
45
When there is changes in compliances, when would you use volume or pressure control?
- Use **volume control** for less damage during changing compliance - Use **pressure control** for less damage during changing resistance
46
What does high PCO2 do systemically vs in the lungs?
- High PCO2 **systemically** causes vasodilation (wash out) - High PCO2 in the lungs causes vasoconstriction (hypoxic drive, redirect blood to where it can get oxygenated)
47
How much epi via IV/IO do you administer?
0.01mg/kg every 3-5 mins
48
How much epi via ETT do you administer?
0.1mg/kg
49
How much amiodarone via IV/IO do you administer?
5mg/kg
50
What is the max amount of amiodarone doses can you give?
Max of 2 doses
51
How much atropine via IV/IO do you administer?
0.02mg/kg with a minimum of 0.1mg
52
What is the minimum dose of atropine?
0.1mg
53
What is the maximum dose of atropine?
0.5mg
54
How many time can you give atropine?
Twice
55
What is the first dose of adenosine?
0.1mg/kg with a max of 6mg
56
What is the second dose of adenosine?
0.2mg/kg with a max of 12mg

Interventions 2 (RESP 319) (25 decks)

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