drugs : ch 8

Question 1

*what are the two selected drug classes?

Answer 1

acidic drugs and basic drugs

Question 2

*examples of acidic drugs

Answer 2

anabolic steroids
barbiturates
GHB/GHL
marijuana

Question 3

what is the analytical approach for detection

Answer 3

• presumptive color test using acid/base indicators
• crystal tests using copper and silver nitrates have been reported

Question 4

what is the challenge when doing color tests/ crystal test

Answer 4

interconversion and polarity of a molecule

Question 5

difference between cannabinol (CBN) and cannabidol (CBD)

Answer 5

cannabinoids are oil and insoluble , cannabidols have an oh group where the ether bond is

Question 6

what makes THC / marijuana hairs specific

Answer 6

“bear claw” leaves , found in dorsal surface

Question 7

*what happens in a DL test

Answer 7

electrophillic aromatic substitution and an aldol rxn (the color is the cause of this conjugation)

Question 8

what are examples of basic drugs

Answer 8

alkaloids : cocaine,heroin, LSD, tryptamine, tropane
non alkaloids: amphetamine family (phenylethylamine), benzodiazepines (valium)

Question 9

what was interesting about the activation substituents in DL tests

Answer 9

ortho/para activating groups gave color

Question 10

what was interesting about the de-activating substituents in DL-tests

Answer 10

meta deactivating groups had very little color: clear or light __ (bc no conjugation)

Question 11

true or false: heroin has no medical use

Answer 11

true

Question 12

know GHB mechanism to GBL

Answer 12

page 1 of packet, slide 3-4

Question 13

difference between GHB and 1,4-butanediol

Answer 13

the carbonyl , slide 3

Question 14

what reagent makes pink in DL test

Answer 14

1,3-resorcinol

Question 15

what are the 2 precursors to get methamphetamine

Answer 15

1. phenyl-2–propanone
2. ephinedrine (pseudoephedrine)

Question 16

what is the difference between morphine and codeine ? KNOW STRUCTURE ON 2nd slide, page 9

Answer 16

the oh in morphine vs codeine it is an ester group (through an acidic anhydride attack)

Question 17

what are the 3 well-known ways to get from precursor to drug

Answer 17

1. birch method
2. leuckart
3. red-phosphorus

Question 18

true or false: tryptophan makes you sleepy

Answer 18

true

Question 19

ehlrich identification is in what ttest

Answer 19

pDMAB

Question 20

LSD is well seen in …

Answer 20

strong UV fluorescence

Question 21

what are the two methods used to extract cocaine and coca leaves

Answer 21

1. dryed chopped leaves, +base, acid H2so4, +base, filter
2. dryed chopped leaves, +acid h2so4, sulfate salts, extract with organic content, +base, filter

Question 22

__ is among the most dangerous of abused drugs, derivatives of ergot alkaloids

Answer 22

LSD

Question 23

___ extracted from a fungus (___)

Answer 23

ergot
cereal grain plants (rye)

Question 24

true or false: ergot is not easy to synthesize

Answer 24

true

Question 25

mescaline is obtained from __

Answer 25

peyote cactus

Question 26

psilobycin is obtained from ___

Answer 26

mushrooms

Question 27

what is the crystal test ?

Answer 27

appearance and behavior of crystals under polarized light .

Question 28

how is the crystal test assembled ? what is another name for it

Answer 28

Volatility based separation
- you have a microscope slid with a small glass cylinder on top
-in the middle you put the sample
- add NaOH to the same
- add (HAuCl4 + H3PO4) to a cover slip
-invert the cover slip onto glass cylinder to start vaporizing