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MBB1 > Drugs- by name > Flashcards

Drugs- by name Flashcards

0
Q

Dexamethasone is a —– that is used for —–.

A

Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid that is used for vasogenic cerebral edema. It inhibits PLA2 which leads to a decrease in the synthesis of cytokines and acute phase reactants, decreases extravasion of leukocytes to areas of injury, and has anti-inflammatory effects, leading to improved function of the BBB.

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1
Q

Phenylephrine is a —– that is used for —-.

A

Phenylephrine is a alpha-1 agonist that is used for eye exams (ophthalmoscopy). It stimulates the pupillary dilator muscle. –> mydriasis

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2
Q

Tropicamide is a —– that is used for —-.

A

Tropicamide is a mACHR antagonist that is used for eye exams (ophthalmoscopy and refraction). It blocks constriction of the pupillary constriction muscle and ciliary muscle. –> mdriasis (D for dilation)

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4
Q

Procaine is a —– that is used for —–.

A

Procaine is a Na+ channel blocker (nerves) that is used for local anesthesia (infiltration, nerve block, spinal).

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5
Q

Chloroprocaine is a —– that is used for —–.

A

Chloroprocaine is a Na+ channel blocker (nerves) that is used for local anesthesia (infiltration, nerve block).

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6
Q

Tetracaine is a —– that is used for —–.

A

Tetracaine is a Na+ channel blocker (nerves) that is used for local anesthesia (topical, spinal).

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7
Q

Benzocaine is a —– that is used for —–.

A

Benzocaine is a Na+ channel blocker (nerves) that is used for local anesthesia (topical).

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8
Q

Cocaine is a —–.

A

Cocaine is a Na+ channel blocker (nerves) and NET inhibitor that was historically used for local anesthesia (carries risk of abuse and has other effects not seen with other Anesthetics).

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9
Q

Dalfampridine is a —– that is used for —–.

A

Dalfampridine is a K+ channel blocker that is used to treat MS. It blocks Kv channels to prolong action potential producing improved conduction in demyelination fibers.

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10
Q

Mannitol is a —– that is used for —–.

A

Mannitol is a osmotic diuretic that is used for increased intracranial pressure. It increased the osmolarity of ECF which can pull water out of the the brain (shift of ICF to ECF), ultimately resulting in a decrease of ICP.

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11
Q

Benzodiazepine (diazepam) is a —– that is used to treat —–.

A

Benzodiazepine (diazepam) is a spasmolytic agent that is used to treat spasticity due to cerebral palsy or spinal cord injury. It binds to an allosteric site on GABAa receptor to increase GABA-mediated IPSPs.

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12
Q

Baclofen is a —– that is used to treat —–.

A

Baclofen is a spasmolytic agent that is used to treat spasticity due to spinal cord injury, MS, and other CNS diseases. It is an agonist of GABAb receptors, which decreases exocytosis of NTs into the synapse, and also has post-synaptic inhibitory effects

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13
Q

Tizanidine is a —– that is used to treat —–.

A

Tizanidine is a spasmolytic agent that is used to treat spasticity due to spinal cord injury and MS. It is an agonist at alpha-2 receptors, leading to a decrease in exocytosis if excitatory NTs into the synapse. MAY have post-synaptic inhibitory effects.

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14
Q

Cyclobenzaprine is a —– that is used to treat —–.

A

Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant that is used to treat acute muscle spasm due to local tissue injury. It has a central effect, likely in the brainstem at high doses. Sedative effects may contribute to some or all of the relief of spasm.

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15
Q

Acetazolamide is a —– that is used to —–.

A

Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydride inhibitor that is used to decrease the production of CSF in the treatment of idiopathic . (Production of CSF includes the secretion of HCO3-, so inhibition of CA reduces production.)

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16
Q

Furosemide is a —– that is used to —–.

A

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that is used to reduce the production of CSF by inhibiting transport mechanisms (NKCC2).

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17
Q

Benoxinate (oxybuprocaine) is a —– that is used to —–.

A

Benoxinate (oxybuprocaine) is an Nav channel blocker (local topical anesthetic) that is used to numb the eye to measure intraocular pressure.

18
Q

Fluorescein is a —– that us used to —–.

A

Fluorescein is a yellow dye that is used to stain the cornea and highlight irregularities on the corneal surface.

19
Q

Carisoprodol is a —– that is used to treat —–.

A

Carisoprodol is a muscle relaxant that is used to treat acute muscle spasms.

20
Q

Chlorzoxazone is a —– that is used to treat —–.

A

Chlorzoxazone is a muscle relaxant that is used to treat acute muscle spasms.

21
Q

Methocarbamol is a —– that is used to treat —–.

A

Methocarbamol is a muscle relaxant that is used to treat acute muscle spasms.

22
Q

Orphenadrine is a —– that is used to treat—–.

A

Orphenadrine is a muscle relaxant that is used to treat acute muscle spasms.

23
Q

Amantadine is a —– thatis used to treat —–.

A

Amantadine is a NMDA-r antagonist that is used to treat fatigue symptoms and PD.

24
Q

Prilocaine, Bupivicaine, Ropivicaine are —–.

A

They are local anesthetics (amide).

25
Q

Levodopa (L-Dopa) is a __ that is used to treat __

A

Levodopa (L-dopa) is a dopamine precursor that is used to treat Parkinson’s disease, and dystonia.

26
Q

Carbidopa is a __ that is used to treat __.

A

Carbidopa is an inhibitor of the enzyme that converts L-dopa to dopamine and is used in combination with L-dopa to treat PD and dystonia.

27
Q

Entacapone is a __ that is used to treat __.

A

Entacapone is a COMT-inhibitor that is used in combination with L-dopa to treat PD and dystonia.

28
Q

Ropinirole is a __ used to treat __.

A

Ropinirole is a dopamine receptor agonist used to treat PD.

29
Q

Pramipexole, Rotigotine, and Apomorphine are __ used to treat __.

A

Pramipexole, Rotigotine, and Apomorphine are dopamine receptor agonists used to treat PD.

30
Q

Trihexyphenidryl is a __ used to treat __.

A

Trihexyphenidryl is a mACH-r antagonist (in striatum) used to treat PD and drug-induced EPS.

31
Q

Benztropine is a __ used to treat __.

A

Benztropine is a mACH-r antagonist (in striatum) used to treat PD and drug-induced EPS.

32
Q

Selegiline is a __ used to treat __.

A

Selegiline is a MAO-B-inhibitor used to treat PD.

33
Q

Rasagiline is a __ used to treat __.

A

Rasagiline is a MAO-B-inhibitor used to treat PD.

34
Q

Tetrabenazine is a __ used to treat __.

A

Tetrabenazine is a dopamine reuptake-inhibitor (VMAT-2 inhibitor) used to treat Chorea and tics.

35
Q

Haloperidol is a __ used to treat __.

A

Haloperidol is a D2-receptor inhibitor (antipsychotic) used to treat chorea and tics.

36
Q

Olanzapine and Risperidone are __ used to treat __.

A

Olanzapine and Risperidone are D2 receptor inhibitors (anti-psychotics) used to treat chorea and tics.

37
Q

Botulinum toxin is a __ used to treat __.

A

Botulinum toxin is a muscle relaxant that blocks the release of Ach fron nerve terminals, leading to localized muscle paralysis, used to treat tics.

38
Q

Propranolol is a __ used to treat __.

A

Propranolol is a beta blocker (B1 and B2) used to treat essential tremor.

39
Q

Primidone is a __ used to treat __.

A

Primidone is an anti-epileptic drug (metabolitebinds allosterically to GABAa) used to treat essential tremor.

40
Q

Topiramate is a __ used to treat __.

A

Topiramate is an anti-epileptic drug (prolongs inactivated state for Na+ channels, enhances GABAergic TM) used to treat essential tremor.

41
Q

Gabapentin is a __ used to treat __

A

Gabapentn is an anti-epilieptic drug (binds alpha-2-delta subnit of CaV channels in brain and spinal cord) that is used to treat essential tremor.

42
Q

Alprazolam and Clonazepam are __ used to treat __.

A

Alprazolam and Clonazepam are benzodiazepines (allosteric binding to GABAa) used to treat essential tremor.

MBB1 (5 decks)

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