Drugs - Anti-anginal + Anti-thrombotics |

Question 1

Anti-anginal drugs - 3 classes

Answer 1

Vasodilators
Slow heart rate
Metabolic modulator

Question 2

3 types of anti-anginal vasodilators

Answer 2

Nitrates
Nicorandil
Calcium antagonists - dyhydropyridines

Question 3

Anti-anginal’s that Slow heart rate - 3

Answer 3

Beta blockers
Rate limiting calcium antagonists
Ivrabradine

Question 4

Metabolic modulator anti-anginals - 1

Answer 4

Ranolazine

Question 5

Nitrates - examples + function

Answer 5

GTN tablets or spray - glyceryl trinitrate
Vasodilator that mainly reduces systolic BP

Isosorbide mononitrate/dinitrate,
Widen and relax blood vessels allowing more blood to get to the heart

Question 6

Nitrates - uses

Answer 6

Angina
Acute heart failure

Question 7

Nitrates - side effects

Answer 7

Headaches
Hypotension
Collapse

Can become tolerant

Question 8

Nicorandil - function

Answer 8

Potassium ATP channel opener
Vasodilator

Question 9

Nicorandil - side effects

Answer 9

GI + mouth ulcers
Headaches

Question 10

Dihydropyridine calcium antagonist - examples

Answer 10

Amlodipine

Question 11

Rate limiting calcium antagonists - examples

Answer 11

Diltiazem
Verapamil

Question 12

Ivrabradine

Answer 12

Anti-anginal

Affects funny current channel at SA node
Slows sinus rhythm

Increases chance of AF

Question 13

Ranolazine

Answer 13

Late sodium channel modulator
Decreases calcium load on heart
Effective in refractory angina

Question 14

Anti-thrombotic drugs - 3

Answer 14

Anti-platelets
Anticoagulants
Fibrinolytic drugs

Question 15

Anti-platelets - examples

Answer 15

Aspirin
Clopidogrel
Prasugrel
Ticagrelor

Question 16

Anti-platelets - function + uses

Answer 16

Prevent new thrombosis

Angina
Acute MI
Strokes

Question 17

Aspirin

Answer 17

Thins blood
Stops mild inflammation and pain

NSAID

Question 18

Clopidogrel

Answer 18

Prevents platelets sticking together

Question 19

Anti-platelets - side effects

Answer 19

Haemorrhage
Peptide ulcer
Asthma caused by aspirin sensitivity

Question 20

Anticoagulants - examples + administration - 4

Answer 20

Heparin - IV
Warfarin - oral
Rivaroxaban
Dabigatran

Question 21

Anticoagulants - function and use

Answer 21

Prevent new thrombosis by blocking clotting factors

Used in :
DVT
PE
NSTEMI
AF

Question 22

Which clotting factors do heparin and warfarin block

Answer 22

2, 7, 9, 10

Question 23

Which clotting factors do Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran block

Answer 23

Rivaroxaban - factor 10a

Dabigatran - factor 2a

Factor 10a normally converts prothrombin 2 to thrombin 2a

Question 24

Anticoagulants - side effects + how to reverse

Answer 24

Haemorrhage anywhere

Vitamin K forms clotting factors so reverses effect

Question 25

Fibrinolytic drugs - examples

Answer 25

Streptokinase

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)

Question 26

Fibrinolytic drugs - function

Answer 26

Dissolves formed clot

Question 27

Fibrinolytic drugs - use

Answer 27

Used in:
STEMI
Select cases of PE and CVA

Also in strokes
Used more in poor countries

Question 28

Fibrinolytic drugs - side effects + avoid in…

Answer 28

Haemorrhage - serious risk

Avoid in:
Recent haemorrhage
Trauma
Bleeding tendencies
Severe diabetic retinopathy
Peptic ulcer