Drugs and Teratogens

Question 1

Alcohol

Answer 1

Hypoplastic Philtrum/lip
Flat Nasal Bricge
Epicanthal Folds

Question 2

ACE Inhibitors

Answer 2

Renal Tubular Dysgenesis > Oligo > Pulmonary Hypoplasia + contractures, Hypoplasia of calvarium

Question 3

Aminoglycosides

Answer 3

Fetal CN VIII Damage

Question 4

Hydantoin, Carbamazepine, Phenobarbitol

Answer 4

Metabolized by epoxide hydrolase

May case Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome

Question 5

Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome

Answer 5

IUGR, MR, facial abnormalities, nail hypoplasia

~ w/ hemolytic dz of newborn. Tx newborn with parenteral Vit K

Question 6

Valproic Acid

Answer 6

NTDs

Question 7

Chloramphenicol

Answer 7

Gray Baby Syndrome

Question 8

Cocaine

Answer 8

Abruption, Brain Defects, Limb Reduction defects from hemorrhage

Question 9

DES

Answer 9

Last used 1971
Cervical/Uterine anomalies
Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Vagina

Question 10

Lithium

Answer 10

Ebstein’s Anomaly (Tricuspid atresia)

Question 11

Methimazole

Answer 11

Aplasia Cutis (scalp abnormality), controversial

Question 12

Nitrofurantoin

Answer 12

Hemolytic anemia in womaen with G6PD Deficiency

Question 13

Quinolones

Answer 13

Fetal Arthropy

Question 14

Sodium Nitroprusside

Answer 14

Feto-toxic concentrations of metabolites

Question 15

Sulfa

Answer 15

Hyperbilirubinemia in infant if used near delivery

Question 16

Tetracycline

Answer 16

Tooth Discoloration

Question 17

Thiazides

Answer 17

Neonatal Thrombocytopenia

Question 18

Warfarin

Answer 18

Nasal hypoplasia, epiphyseal stippling, IUGR, NTDs

Question 19

Fevers/Heat

Answer 19

NTDs

Question 20

Radiation

Answer 20

limit = 5 rads

MR with >=20 radz

Question 21

Retinoids

Answer 21

Ear abnormalities (microtia), stenosis of external ear

Question 22

Facial Lesions

Answer 22

EtOH, Dilantin, Warfarin