Drugs and Neurotransmitters

Question 1

exogenous

Answer 1

substance arising from outside the body

Question 2

endogenous

Answer 2

substance arising from inside the body

Question 4

What makes a brain chemical a neurotransmitter?

Answer 4

1. Synthesized by presynaptic neurons and stored in axon terminals
2. released when action potentials reach the terminals
3. recognized by specific receptors located on the postsynaptic membrane
4. causes changes in the postsynaptic cell
5. blocking its release interferes with the ability of the presynaptic neuron to affect the postsynaptic cell

Question 5

Name the four major categories of neurotransmitters.

Answer 5

Amino acid neurotransmitters
Peptide neurotransmitters
Amine neurotransmitters
Gas neurotransmitters

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Question 6

Name neurotransmitters that are amino acids

Answer 6

GABA
glycine
glutamate

Question 7

Name neurotransmitters consisting of a short chain of amino acids (peptide)

Answer 7

vasopressin
neuropeptide

Question 8

name neurotransmitters that are based on the modification of a single amino acid nucleus (amine)

Answer 8

acetylcholine
serotonin
dopamine
norepinephrine
noradrenaline
epinephrine

Question 9

name all the alpha amino acids

Answer 9

alanine
arginine
asparagine
aspartic acid
gysteine
glutamic acid (glutamate)
glutamine
glycine
histidine
isolecuine
leucine
lysine
methionine
phenylalanine
proline
serine
theronine
tryptophan
tyrosine
valine