DRUGS ACTING ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Flashcards
- decreasing virus level to an undetectable levels
- preserving and increasing the number of CD4+ T cells
- preventing resistant
- having client in good clinical condition
- preventing secondary infections and cancers
HAART - highly active antiretroviral therapy
- reduce the detectable viral load of HIV RNA as low as possible
- maintain this level of suppression for as long as possible
- prevent opportunistic infections
antiretroviral therapy
- force the HIV virus to use faulty versions of building blocks so infected cells cant make more HIV
NRTIs - nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- also called “non-nukes”
- they bind to a specific protein so the HIV virus cant make copies of itself
NNRTIs - non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- these drugs block a protein that infected cells need to put together new HIV virus particles
PIs - protease inhibitors
- these stop HIV from making copies of itself by blocking a key protein that allows the virus to put its DNA into healthy cell’s DNA
integrase inhibitors
- unlike NRTIs, NNRTIs, PIs, and INSTIs, which work on infected cells, these drugs block HIV from getting inside healthy cells
fusion inhibitors
- new class of drug with just on medication, fostemsavir
- for adults who have tried multiple HIV meds and whose HIV has been resistant to other therapies
- targets the glycoprotein 120 on the virus surface
- stops it from being able to attach itself to the CD4 T-cells
gp120 attachment inhibitor
- maraviroc or MVC
- stops HIV before it gets inside a healthy cell, but in a different way than FIs
- blocks a specific kind of hook on the outside of certain cells so the virus cant plug in
CCR5 antagonist
- new class of antiviral medication specifically for adults living with HIV who have tried multiple HIV medications and whose HIV has been resistant to other therapies
- ibalizumad-uiyk blocks your body’s HIV infected cells from spreading the virus into those which are uninfected
post-attachment inhibitor / monoclonal antibody
pharmacologic enhancers are also called ___
drug boosters
___, taken in a low dose, increases blood levels of lopinavir (LPV) and the drug LPV/r
ritonavir
some manufacturers put together specific medicines into a single pill so theyre easier to take
fixed-dose combinations
you takes these meds before HIV gets into your system to help protect against infection
PrEP - pre-exposure prophylaxis
HIV medicines taken very soon after a possible exposure to HIV to prevent the virus from taking hold in your body
PEP - post exposure prophylaxis
how many hours should you start PEP after possible exposure?
72 hours (3 days)
if you are prescribed PEP, you need to take HIV meds every day for ___ days
28
- pathogen invades the body
- produce antibodies (immunoglobulins)
active immunity
determined in a specific population
natural immunity
exposure to an antigen or from passive injection of immunoglobulins
acquired immunity
- 0-11 mos
- 1 dose
- 0.5 cc, intradermal at R arm
- may cause scar
BCG - bacillus calmette guerine
- 6 weeks
- 3 doses / 4 weeks interval
- 0.5 cc, intramuscular, outer thigh
- slight fever
DPT - diptheria, pertussis, tetani
- 6 weeks
- 3 doses / 4 weeks interval
- 2-3 gtts, oral
- do not feed after 30 mins
OPV - oral polio vaccine
- at birth
- 3 doses
- 0.5 cc, intramuscular, outer thighs
- not given to children > 10
hepatitis B
- 9 months
- 1 dose
- 0.5 cc,, subcutaneous, R arm
- pain on injection site
measles
- as early as possible during pregnancy
- 5 doses OR 2 doses with DPT
- 0.5 cc, intramuscular, deltoid
tetanus toxoid
