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MRCP > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the adverse effects of Ciprofloxacin?

A
  • Tendinopathy

- Reduced seizure threshold

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2
Q

Which clotting factors are affected by Warfarin?

A

1972:

  • Factor 10
  • Factor 9
  • Factor 7
  • Factor 2
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3
Q

What is the time period between administration of contrast and onset of contrast-induced nephropathy?

A

2-5 days

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4
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Rifampicin?

A

Inhibits RNA synthesis

Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase preventing transcription of DNA into mRNA

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5
Q

What is a common side effect of Ethambutol?

A

Optic neuritis

Visual acuity to be monitored before and during treatment

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6
Q

What is a recognized pulmonary complication of Nitrofurantoin?

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

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7
Q

What is a contraindication to triptan therapy?

A

History of ischaemic heart disease

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8
Q

What are the side effects of Ciclosporin?

A
  • Excessive hair growth
  • Hyperkalaemia
  • Hypertension
  • Hyperplasia of gums
  • Tremor

Everything is increased - Hair, K+, BP, gums, movement

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Cisplatin?

A

Causes cross-linking in DNA

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10
Q

What is the effect of Isoniazid on the cytochrome P450 enzyme system?

A

Inhibits

Isoniazid Inhibits

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ondansetron?

A

5-HT3 receptor antagonist

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12
Q

What is the mechanism and site of action of Empaglifozin/glifozins?

A

Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor

Acts in early proximal convoluted tubule

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13
Q

What is an adverse effect of Phenytoin?

A

Peripheral neuropathy

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Erythromycin?

A

Inhibits 50s subunit of ribosomes

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15
Q

Which cytotoxic agent is most commonly associated with peripheral neuropathy?

A

Vincristine

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16
Q

What is the most appropriate time to take blood for monitoring of Phenytoin levels?

A

Immediately before next dose

17
Q

What is the most appropriate time to take blood for monitoring of Lithium levels?

A

12 hours post-dose

18
Q

What is the most appropriate time to take blood for monitoring of Ciclosporin levels?

A

Trough levels immediately before next dose

19
Q

What is the most appropriate time to take blood for monitoring of Digoxin?

A

At least 6 hours post-dose

20
Q

What are some common side effects of Pyrazinamide?

A

Hyperuricaemia causing gout
Hepatitis
Arthralgia/myalgia

21
Q

What is the effect of Rifampicin on the Cytochrome P450 enzyme system?

A

Rifampicin induces CYP450 levels causing increased metabolism of drugs eg Warfarin

22
Q

What are the side effects of Rifampicin?

A

Orange secretions
Hepatitis
Flu-like symptoms

23
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?

A

Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis

24
Q

What are the side effects of Isoniazid?

A
  • Peripheral neuropathy (prevented with pyridoxine/vitamin B6)
  • Agranulocytosis
  • Hepatitis
25
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Pyrazinamide?

A

Inhibits fatty acid synthase

26
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Ethambutol?

A

Inhibits arabinosyl transferase

27
Q

Concurrent use of which common drug group may make Clopidogrel less effective?

A

PPIs

28
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Allopurinol?

A

Inhibits xanthine oxidase

MRCP (16 decks)

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