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FM1 > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Steroid

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2
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

Steroid
Antiinflammatory: anaphylaxis, asthma, COPD, IBS, rheumatic disorders, dermatoses.
Also glucocorticoid replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency.
Acts via nuclear receptors to modulate gene expression.
Anti-inflammatory - reduces COX2 expression

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3
Q

Prednisone

A

Immunosuppressive steroid.
TX autoimmune disorders, allograft rejection, asthma, IBS, rheumatoid arthritis.
Acts via nuclear receptors to modulate gene expression.
Anti-inflammatory - reduces COX2 expression

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4
Q

Fluticasone

A

Medium potency steroid. PROPHYLAXIS for asthma. Topically for dermatoses or intranasally for rhinitis.
Acts via nuclear receptors to modulate gene expression.
Anti-inflammatory - reduces COX2 expression

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5
Q

Alprostadil

A

Prostanoid. Synthetic PGE1 used for treatment of ED and to maintain ductus arteriosus in newborns.
Agonist at EP receptors increases cAMP and causes vasodilation.

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6
Q

Latanoprost

A

Prostanoid. Synthetic PGF2alpha analog prodrug used to reduce elevated IOP in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
Selective FP receptor agonist, believed to reduce the IOP by increasing outflow of aqueous humor.
*Causes iris-hyperpigmentation.

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7
Q

Misoprostol

A

Prostanoid. Very potent synthetic prostaglandin analog for prevention of gastric ulcers, but slightly less effective than H2 antagonists.
Pregnancy termination and labor induction.
Agonist at EP receptors on parietal cells which decreases cAMP and decreases acid secretion.
Agonist at EP receptors in uterus and promotes contractions.

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8
Q

Montelukast

A

Leukotriene agent. Used for asthma maintenance therapy. PROPHYLAXIS only!
Antagonist at G protein coupled receptors (cysLT1) in airway smooth muscles, mast cells, and neutrophils.

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9
Q

Zafirlukast

A

Leukotriene. Synthetic, selective peptide leukotriene receptor antagonist for prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in adults and children over 5. PROPHYLAXIS only!
Antagonist at G protein coupled cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (cysLT1) in airway smooth muscles, mast cells, and neutrophils.

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10
Q

Zileuton

A

Leukotriene. Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma. Specific 5-LOX inhibitor which decreases leukotriene formation.

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11
Q

Aspirin

A

NSAID.
Thrombosis prevention. Prevents/reduces risk of MI.
IRREVERSIBLE inhibitor of COX.
Beware of aspirin triad

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12
Q

Celecoxib

A

NSAID. First FDA approved selective COX-2 inhibitor. (10-20 fold selectivity)

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13
Q

Diclonfenac

A

NSAID. Phenylacetic acid class. Competitive COX inhibitor. 10-20x selective for COX-2

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14
Q

Ibuprofen

A

NSAID of phenylpropionic acid class. Competitive inhibitor of COX enzymes. 2x selective for COX1

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15
Q

Indomethacin

A

NSAID. Used to accelerate closure of PDA in infants.

Competitive inhibitor of COX enzymes. 3-5x selective for COX1

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16
Q

Ketorolac

A

NSAID

Strong short term (

17
Q

Meloxicam

A

NSAID. Indicated for rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis. Competitive COX inhibitor. 10x selective for COX-2

18
Q

Naproxen

A

NSAID. Competitive inhibitor of COX enzymes. 3-5x selective for COX1

19
Q

Acetominophen

A

Misc. Has analgesic and antipyretic activity but NO anti-inflammatory and no platelet effects. Competitive COX inhibitor in the CNS but NOT periphery. Binds to cannabinoid receptors in the spinal cord.

20
Q

N-acetylcysteine

A

Acetominophen toxicity

21
Q

Cetirizine

A

allergic conditions (rhinitis, sneezing, itching, urticaria). Less sedating.
H1 receptor inverse agonist;
Minimal antimuscarinic activity.
2nd generation antihistamine

22
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

allergic rhinitis, sneezing, itching, urticaria, motion sickness, insomnia.
H1 receptor inverse agonist;
Significant antimuscarinic activity (helps motion sickness)
1st generation antihistamine

23
Q

Fexofenadine

A

allergic conditions (rhinitis, sneezing, itching, urticaria).
H1 receptor inverse agonist;
No antimuscarinic activity.
2nd generation antihistamine

24
Q

Loratadine

A

Allergic conditions (rhinitis, sneezing, itching, urticaria).
H1 receptor inverse agonist;
No antimuscarinic activity.
2nd generation antihistamine

25
Q

Cimetidine

A

peptic ulcer disease, GERD, intermittent dyspepsia; H2 inverse agonist;

26
Q

Ergotamine

A

Relieves acute migraines.
Partial agonist/antagonist at 5-HT, DA and alpha-adrenergic receptors;
Causes vasoconstriction of arteries and veins and decreases blood flow to the extremities.

27
Q

Sumatriptan

A

Acute migraines w/ or w/o aura.

Agonist at presynaptic 5-HT 1D autoreceptors and at vascular 5-HT 1B receptors -> leads to vasoconstriction

FM1 (6 decks)

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