Drugs

Question 1

What can diuretics be used for?

Answer 1

HF snd hypertension

Question 2

What can beta blockers be used for?

Answer 2

Angina, hypertension and CCF

Question 3

What can ACE inhibitors be used for?

Answer 3

CCF and hypertension

Question 4

What can Calcium antagonists be used for?

Answer 4

Hypertension and angina

Question 5

What are nitrates used for?

Answer 5

CCF and angina

Question 6

when can diuretics not be used?

Answer 6

If the patient has gout

Question 7

When are beta blockers contraindicated?

Answer 7

Asthma

Question 8

Which drugs are anti-hypertensives?

Answer 8

Thiazide diuretics
Alpha/Beta blockers
ARBs/ACE inhibitors
calcium antagonists

Question 9

Which drugs are anti-thrombotics?

Answer 9

Antiplatlets
Fibrinolytics
Anti-coagulants

Question 10

Give examples of antiplatlets

Answer 10

Aspirin, clopidogril

Question 11

Give examples of Fibrinolytics

Answer 11

tPA or streptokinas

Question 12

Give examples of anti-coagulants

Answer 12

Riveroxiban or warfarin

Question 13

Which drugs are anti-cholesterols?

Answer 13

Statins and fibrates

Question 14

Which drugs are anti-anginas

Answer 14

Nitrates
Beta blockers
Calcium antagonists 
Nicorandil
Ranolazine
Ivabradine

Question 15

What do diuretics do?

Answer 15

Block Na+ reabsorption

Question 16

Give an example of a thiazide diuretic

Answer 16

bendrofluazide

Question 17

what are thiazide diuretics used for?

Answer 17

Hypertension

Question 18

Give an example of a loop diuretic

Answer 18

Furosemide

Question 19

What is furosemide used for?

Answer 19

Heart failure

Question 20

What are the side effects of diuretics?

Answer 20

Tired, hypokalaemia, arrhythmias, diabetes and gout due to increased uritic acid

Question 21

How do beta blockers work?

Answer 21

Blocks B1 and B2 adrenoreceptors

Question 22

Give an example of a B1 receptor selective beta blocker

Answer 22

Atenolol

Question 23

What is Atenolol used for?

Answer 23

Angina, hypertension and herat failure

Question 24

Give an example of a non-selective beta blocker

Answer 24

Propranol

Question 25

What is propanol used for?

Answer 25

Thyroxitosis

Question 26

What are the side effects of beta blockers?

Answer 26

Tired and may worsen HF in the short term

Question 27

Give an example of a calcium antagonist

Answer 27

Dihydrophines e.g. amlodipine | Veramparil

Question 28

what is amlodipine used for?

Answer 28

hypertension and angina

Question 29

What are the side effects of amlodipine?

Answer 29

Ankle oedema

Question 30

When should verapamil be avoided?

Answer 30

When also using beta blockers

Question 31

Give an example of an alpha blocker

Answer 31

Doxazosin

Question 32

What are the side effects of Doxazosin

Answer 32

Postural hypertension

Question 33

How do ACE inhibitors work?

Answer 33

Prevents the conversion of angiotension I to angiotensin II

Question 34

Given an example of an ACE inhibitor

Answer 34

Lisinopril

Question 35

What are the side effects of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 35

Cough, renal dysfunction and angioneurmtic oedema

Question 36

When should ACE inhibitors and ARBs never be used?

Answer 36

In pregnancy

Question 37

How do ARBs work?

Answer 37

Block angiotensin II receptors

Question 38

Give an example of an ARB

Answer 38

Losartan

Question 39

What are ARBs used for?

Answer 39

Hypertension and heart failure

Question 40

What are the side effects of ARBs?

Answer 40

Renal dysfunction

Question 41

Give examples of nitrates

Answer 41

Isosobride and mononitrate

Question 42

What are the side effects of nitrates?

Answer 42

Headaches and hypotension

Question 43

How often should be left nitrate free in a day and why?

Answer 43

8 hrs a day to avoid tolerance forming

Question 44

Give examples of antiplatlet agents

Answer 44

aspirin and clopidogril

Question 45

What are antiplatlets used for?

Answer 45

Angina, acute MI, TIA and for those who are high risk of CVA

Question 46

What are the side effects of Anti-platlets?

Answer 46

Haemorrhage and peptic ulcers

Question 47

How do anticoagulants work?

Answer 47

Prevent formation of a new thrombosis

Question 48

How should heparin be given?

Answer 48

IV only

Question 49

What does warfarin do?

Answer 49

Blocks clotting factor 2,7,9 and 10 - used in DVT, pulmonary embolisms and NSTEMIs

Question 50

How does riveroxiban work?

Answer 50

Factor Xa inhibitor - Xa converts prothrombin II into thrombin

Question 51

How does dabigatran work?

Answer 51

Thrombin factor IIa inhibitor

Question 52

How do fibrynolytics work?

Answer 52

Dissolve formed clots

Question 53

Give examples of fibrinolytics

Answer 53

Streptokinase or tissue plasminogin activators

Question 54

How do statins work?

Answer 54

Blocks HMG Co reductase

Question 55

What are statins used for?

Answer 55

Hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes, angina, MI and TIA

Question 56

What are the side effects of statins?

Answer 56

Myopathy or can cause renal failure

Question 57

Give an example of a fibrate

Answer 57

Bezafibrate

Question 58

What should be used for SVTs?

Answer 58

Adenosine

Question 59

What should be used for ventricular/supraventricular arrhythmias?

Answer 59

Beta blockers, flecainide or amiodarone

Question 60

What are the side effects of amiodarone?

Answer 60

Phototoxicity, pulmonary fibrosis and thyroid abnormalities

Question 61

How does digoxin work?

Answer 61

Blocks AV conduction - used in AF

Question 62

Why is digoxin bad in excess?

Answer 62

Reduces HR and so can cause bradycardia and heart block

Question 63

What is a side effect of digoxin?

Answer 63

Increases ventricular irritability which produces ventricular arrhythmias

Question 64

How does digoxin toxicity clinically present?

Answer 64

Nausea and vomiting, yellow vision, bradycardia and ventricular arrhythmias