Drugs

Question 1

Antisecretory/cytoprotective classes

Answer 1

antibacterial, PPI, H2 receptor antagonists, Prostaglandin analogs, Mucosal protective agents, Antacids, Combination prep for peptic ulcer

Question 2

PPI mechanism

Answer 2

irreversibly inhibit H/K ATPase in parietal cells

Question 3

PPI examples

Answer 3

Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, “Prazole”s

Question 4

H2 receptor antagonist mechanism

Answer 4

reversibly block H2 histamine receptors to decrease acid production in stomach

Question 5

H2 blocker examples

Answer 5

Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine

Question 6

Prostaglandin analog mechanism and example

Answer 6

Misoprostol; increases production/secretion of gastric mucous barrier, decrease acid production

Question 7

mucosal protective agents

Answer 7

sucralfate (bind to ulcer base, physically protect and allow HCO3 secretion to reestablish pH gradient)

Question 8

Antacids

Answer 8

Al(OH)3, CaCO3, Mg(OH)3

Question 9

side effects of antacids

Answer 9

affect absorption, bioavailability or urinary excretion of other drugs by altering gastric or urinary pH or delay gastric emptying

can cause hypokalemia

Question 10

overuse of Al(OH)3

Answer 10

antacid – constipation, hypophosphatemia; proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures

Question 11

overuse of CaCO3

Answer 11

hypercalcemia, reboud increased acid; can chelate and decrease effectiveness of other drugs (eg tetracycline)

Question 12

overuse of Mg(OH)2

Answer 12

diarrhea, hyporefelxia, hypotension, cardiac arrest

Question 13

Prokinetic agents

Answer 13

Metoclopramide

Question 14

antiemetic agents categories

Answer 14

5HT3 receptor antagonists, DA receptor antagonists, Antihistamines, Anticholinergic agents, Substance P receptor antagonists, Cannabinoids, Glucocorticoids, Benzodizaepines

Question 15

5HT3 antagonists

Answer 15

antiemetic agents – Ondansetron

Question 16

DA receptor antagonist

Answer 16

Metoclopramide, Prochloroperazine

Question 17

Laxative categories

Answer 17

Bulk-forming/fiber, saline (osmotically active) cathartics, stimulant/irritant, Wetting agents/emollients

Question 18

Bulk-forming/fiber laxatives

Answer 18

Psyllium Seed (metamucil)

Question 19

Saline Cathartics

Answer 19

Polyethylene glycol (miralax), Mg(OH)2 (milk of magnesia)

Question 20

Stimulant/irritant laxatives

Answer 20

Bisacodyl (dulcolax)

Question 21

Wetting agents/emollients

Answer 21

Docusate, mineral oil

Question 22

Antidiarrheal categories

Answer 22

opioids, absorbent agents

Question 23

opioid antidiarrheals

Answer 23

loperamide (imodium), polycarbophil

Question 24

Absorbent antidiarrheals

Answer 24

bismuch subsalicate (peptobismol)