Drugs

Question 1

Neuroaminidase MoA

Answer 1

Doesn’t allow virus to release from infected cell

Question 2

Antiherpetic MoA

Answer 2

Inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 3

Quinoline MoA

Answer 3

Inhibit mitochondira and interfere with parasitic detoxification

Question 4

Benzimidazole MoA

Answer 4

Disrupts microtubule elongation, interferes with growth

Question 5

Isoniazid MoA

Answer 5

Inhibits cell wall synthesis by preventing synthesis of mycolic acid
-cidal

Question 6

Ethambutal MoA

Answer 6

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

-cidal

Question 7

Pryazinamide MoA

Answer 7

Unknow

-cidal

Question 8

Rifamycin MoA

Answer 8

Inhibits RNA synthesis

-cidal

Question 9

Azoles MoA

Answer 9

Inhibits ergosteral production and weakens cell wall

Question 10

Polyene MoA

Answer 10

Disrupts cell wall

Question 11

Tetracycline MoA

Answer 11

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-static

Question 12

Macrolide MoA

Answer 12

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-static

Question 13

Lincosamines MoA

Answer 13

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-static

Question 14

Chloramphenicol MoA

Answer 14

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-static

Question 15

Aminoglycosides MoA

Answer 15

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-cidal (irreversible binding)

Question 16

Glycopeptide MoA

Answer 16

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

-cidal

Question 17

Sulfonamide MoA

Answer 17

Folate antagonist via PABA inhibition

Question 18

Trimethoprim MoA

Answer 18

Folate anatagonist via dihydrofolic acid reductase inhibition

Question 19

Nitroimidazole MoA

Answer 19

Production of free radicals

Question 20

Flouroquinolone MoA

Answer 20

Inhibits DNA replication via DNA gyrase

Question 21

Glycopeptide ADRs and DDIs

Answer 21

Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Rapid IV administration associated with red-man syndrome, HTN, tachycardia

Question 22

Flouroquinolone ADRs and DDIs

Answer 22

QT prolongation
Tendon rupture
Damage to growing cartilage
Reduced bioavailability w/ aluminum, calcium and magnesium containing antacids/foods

Question 23

Nitromidazole ADRs and DDIs

Answer 23

GI upset
Reversible neuropathy
Carcinogen in mice
Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol
Increased bleeding risk with Warfarin

Question 24

Sulfonamide ADRs and DDIs

Answer 24

Rare Type IV hypersensitivity reactions with high morbidity
Hemolytic reaction in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Increased risk of kernicterus in newborns

Question 25

Trimethoprim ADRs and DDIs

Answer 25

Megaloblastic anemia Leukopenia Granulocytopenia

Question 26

Tetracycline ADRs and DDIs

Answer 26

``` Dental staining Photosensitivity CDAD Vaginitis Decreased bone growth in children (avoid w/ age eight and under) Increases bioavailability of digoxin Decrease oral contraceptive efficacy ```

Question 27

Macrolide ADRs and DDIs

Answer 27

CDAD QT prolongation Hepatoxic in patients with liver impairment Ototoxic in pateitns with renal impairment CYP450 (except for azithromycin)

Question 28

Lincosamine ADRs and DDIs

Answer 28

CDAD | No DDIs

Question 29

Aminoglycoside ADRs and DDIs

Answer 29

Small therapeutic window Ototoxic (irreversible) Nephrotoxic (reversible) Paralysis with myasthenia gravis Hypocalcemia Pregnancy category D Enhanced effect with neuromuscular blocking agents Increased ototoxicity with loop diuretics Increased nephrotoxicity with cephalosporins

Question 30

Chloramphenicol ADRs and DDIs

Answer 30

``` Bone marrow toxicity Aplastic anemia Gray baby syndrome (don't use in newborns) Many other ADRs CYP450 inhibitor ```

Question 31

Fluconazole ADRs and DDIs

Answer 31

``` Well tolerated Decreased steroid production QT prolongation Hepatotoxicity Rash CYP450 inhibitor Antacids decrease absorption Cardiac arrhythmias w/ macrolides and quinolines ```

Question 32

Polyene ADRs and DDIs

Answer 32

``` Fever Chills Rigors Nephrotoxicity Many DDIs ```

Question 33

Isoniazid ADRs and DDIs

Answer 33

Peripheral neuropathy Drug-induced lupus Hepatotoxicity (black box warning})

Question 34

Pyrazinamide ADRs and DDIs

Answer 34

Hyperuricemia Hepatotoxicity Arthalgias

Question 35

Ethambutol ADRs and DDIs

Answer 35

Well tolerated | Optic neuritis

Question 36

Rifamycin ADRs and DDIs

Answer 36

Rifampin causes red colored secretions | Induces CYP450

Question 37

Quinoline ADRs and DDIs

Answer 37

``` QT prolongation Hypotension Hemolysis in patients with G6PD Hypoglycemia Psychiatric issues (insomnia, depression) Cinchonism ```

Question 38

Benzimidazole ADRs and DDIs

Answer 38

Very well tolerated | Teratogenic in rats (avoid in pregnancy)