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Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Neuroaminidase MoA

A

Doesn’t allow virus to release from infected cell

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2
Q

Antiherpetic MoA

A

Inhibits DNA synthesis

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3
Q

Quinoline MoA

A

Inhibit mitochondira and interfere with parasitic detoxification

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4
Q

Benzimidazole MoA

A

Disrupts microtubule elongation, interferes with growth

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5
Q

Isoniazid MoA

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis by preventing synthesis of mycolic acid
-cidal

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6
Q

Ethambutal MoA

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

-cidal

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7
Q

Pryazinamide MoA

A

Unknow

-cidal

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8
Q

Rifamycin MoA

A

Inhibits RNA synthesis

-cidal

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9
Q

Azoles MoA

A

Inhibits ergosteral production and weakens cell wall

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10
Q

Polyene MoA

A

Disrupts cell wall

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11
Q

Tetracycline MoA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-static

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12
Q

Macrolide MoA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-static

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13
Q

Lincosamines MoA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-static

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14
Q

Chloramphenicol MoA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-static

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15
Q

Aminoglycosides MoA

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor

-cidal (irreversible binding)

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16
Q

Glycopeptide MoA

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

-cidal

17
Q

Sulfonamide MoA

A

Folate antagonist via PABA inhibition

18
Q

Trimethoprim MoA

A

Folate anatagonist via dihydrofolic acid reductase inhibition

19
Q

Nitroimidazole MoA

A

Production of free radicals

20
Q

Flouroquinolone MoA

A

Inhibits DNA replication via DNA gyrase

21
Q

Glycopeptide ADRs and DDIs

A

Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Rapid IV administration associated with red-man syndrome, HTN, tachycardia

22
Q

Flouroquinolone ADRs and DDIs

A

QT prolongation
Tendon rupture
Damage to growing cartilage
Reduced bioavailability w/ aluminum, calcium and magnesium containing antacids/foods

23
Q

Nitromidazole ADRs and DDIs

A 
GI upset
Reversible neuropathy
Carcinogen in mice
Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol
Increased bleeding risk with Warfarin
24
Q

Sulfonamide ADRs and DDIs

A

Rare Type IV hypersensitivity reactions with high morbidity
Hemolytic reaction in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Increased risk of kernicterus in newborns

25
Q

Trimethoprim ADRs and DDIs

A

Megaloblastic anemia
Leukopenia
Granulocytopenia

26
Q

Tetracycline ADRs and DDIs

A 
Dental staining
Photosensitivity
CDAD
Vaginitis
Decreased bone growth in children (avoid w/ age eight and under)
Increases bioavailability of digoxin
Decrease oral contraceptive efficacy
27
Q

Macrolide ADRs and DDIs

A

CDAD
QT prolongation
Hepatoxic in patients with liver impairment
Ototoxic in pateitns with renal impairment
CYP450 (except for azithromycin)

28
Q

Lincosamine ADRs and DDIs

A

CDAD

No DDIs

29
Q

Aminoglycoside ADRs and DDIs

A

Small therapeutic window
Ototoxic (irreversible)
Nephrotoxic (reversible)
Paralysis with myasthenia gravis
Hypocalcemia
Pregnancy category D
Enhanced effect with neuromuscular blocking agents
Increased ototoxicity with loop diuretics
Increased nephrotoxicity with cephalosporins

30
Q

Chloramphenicol ADRs and DDIs

A 
Bone marrow toxicity
Aplastic anemia
Gray baby syndrome (don't use in newborns)
Many other ADRs
CYP450 inhibitor
31
Q

Fluconazole ADRs and DDIs

A 
Well tolerated
Decreased steroid production
QT prolongation
Hepatotoxicity
Rash
CYP450 inhibitor
Antacids decrease absorption
Cardiac arrhythmias w/ macrolides and quinolines
32
Q

Polyene ADRs and DDIs

A 
Fever
Chills
Rigors
Nephrotoxicity
Many DDIs
33
Q

Isoniazid ADRs and DDIs

A

Peripheral neuropathy
Drug-induced lupus
Hepatotoxicity (black box warning})

34
Q

Pyrazinamide ADRs and DDIs

A

Hyperuricemia
Hepatotoxicity
Arthalgias

35
Q

Ethambutol ADRs and DDIs

A

Well tolerated

Optic neuritis

36
Q

Rifamycin ADRs and DDIs

A

Rifampin causes red colored secretions

Induces CYP450

37
Q

Quinoline ADRs and DDIs

A 
QT prolongation
Hypotension
Hemolysis in patients with G6PD
Hypoglycemia
Psychiatric issues (insomnia, depression)
Cinchonism
38
Q

Benzimidazole ADRs and DDIs

A

Very well tolerated

Teratogenic in rats (avoid in pregnancy)

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