Drugs Flashcards
ezetimibe
intestinal cholesterol absorption inhibitor. upregulates LDL-R
fibrates
activate LPL and lower TG
beta-sitosterol
compete with cholesterol in micelle formation. poorly absorbed.
campesterol
compete with cholesterol in micelle formation. poorly absorbed.
stigmasterol
compete with cholesterol in micelle formation. poorly absorbed.
sitostanol
compete with cholesterol in micelle formation. poorly absorbed.
compestanol
compete with cholesterol in micelle formation. poorly absorbed.
stigmastanol
compete with cholesterol in micelle formation. poorly absorbed.
cimetidine
h2-receptor blocker to inhibit acid secretion
misoprostol
prostaglandin E1 analogue; used for protection in peptic ulcers
sucralfate
forms an ulcer-adherent complex with proteins; ulcer protection and treatment
pectin
anti-diarrhea (adsorbent)
guar gum
anti-diarrhea (adsorbent)
bismuth (think pepto bismol)
anti-diarrhea (adsorbent)
codeine
pain killer, anti-diarrheal (antimotility)
loperamide
anti-diarrhea (anti cholinergic, antimotility)
diphenoxylate
anti-diarrhea (anti cholinergic, antimotility)
aluminum
antacid; becomes insoluble with phosphate and causes constipation
magnesium
antacid; causes diarrhea
maalox
antacid; middle ground of side effects
calcium
may cause renal stones and constipation
-tidine
acid reflux relief; H2 receptor blockers
-prazole
proton pump inhibitors; bind irreversibly
verapamil
calcium channel blocker; antispasmodic in GI, side effects in CV
diltiazem
calcium channel blocker; antispasmodic in GI, side effects in CV
pinaverium bromide
calcium channel blocker; selective for GI
nitroglycerin
relax SMCs by converting to NO
buscopan
block muscarinic receptor on SMCs to block effects of Ach
TCA (tricyclic antidepressant)
GI pain
SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)
GI pain
amitriptyline
TCA; GI pain med
nortriptyline
TCA; GI pain med
desipramine
TCA; GI pain med
imipramine
TCA; GI pain med
citalopram
SSRI: GI pain med
fluoxetine
SSRI: GI pain med
paroxetine
SSRI: GI pain med
sertraline
SSRI: GI pain med
metoclopramide
prokinetic (proximal gut) and anti-emetic; weak 5HT4 agonist and 5HT3 antagonist
domperidone
prokinetic (proximal gut) and anti-emetic
erythromycin
prokinetic; acts on motilin receptors on SMCs and Ach neurons
prucalopride
prokinetic in distal bowel
psyllium (seed husks)
constipation relief
bran
constipation relief
docusate sodium
stool softener
bisacodyl
laxative
sennoside
laxative
gravol (dimenhydrinate)
antiemetic; anti-nausea associated with balance
phenothiazine
anti-nausea associated with chemicals
ondansetron
anti-nausea associated with chemicals and anti-vagal
disulfiram
helps chronic alcoholism; inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, so causes acute reactions to alcohol
clopidogrel
anti-platelet agent requiring 2C9 activation
aspart
fast-acting insulin
lispro
fast-acting insulin
glulisine
fast-acting insulin
NPH insulin
intermediate-insulin
detemir
long-acting insulin
glargine
long-acting insulin
glyburide
sulfonylurea
glimepride
sulfonylurea
repaglinide
meglitinide
propanolol
beta-blocker; can potentiate hypoglycemia effects of sulfonylureas and meglitinides
pioglitazone
thiazolidinedione
rosiglitazone
thiazolidinedione
exenatide
incretin (injected)
januvia
DPP-4 inhibitor
-gliptin
DPP-4 inhibitor (keeps GLP-1 functioning)
canagliflozin
SGLT2 inhibitor
acarbose
Glucosidase inhibitor
-dronate
bisphosphonate
denosumab
RANKL inhibitor
teriparitide
PTH analog
loperamide
anti-diarretic