Drugs

Question 1

Opioids

Answer 1

Mu agonists:
Morphine
Hydromorphone
Fentanyl
Methadone

Partial mu agonists:
Buprenorphine

Mu antagonist/ kappa agonist:
Butorphanol

Question 2

Alpha 2s

Answer 2

Xylazine
Dexmedatomidine
Medetomidine
Romifidine
Detomidine

Question 3

NMDA receptor antagonists

Answer 3

Ketamine
Amantadine

Dextromethorphan

Question 4

NSAIDS

Answer 4

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

COX 1 (aspirin) vs. COX 2

COX 2 drugs:
Carprofen
Meloxicam
Firocoxib
Robenacoxib
Deracoxib
Phenylbutazone

Question 5

Benzodiazepines

Answer 5

Diazepam
Midazolam

Question 6

What are benzodiazepines reversible with?

Answer 6

Flumazenil

Question 7

Anticholinergics

Answer 7

Atropin
Glycopyrrolate (glyco)

Question 8

Phenothiazines

Answer 8

Acepromazine (ACE)

Question 9

Pain pathways

Answer 9

Transduction
Transmission
Modulation
Perception

Question 10

Multimodal analgesia

Answer 10

Use of multiple analgesic drugs (often different classes) to target different points along the pain pathway

GOAL: to max pain relief w minimal side effects

Question 11

Pre-emptive analgesia

Answer 11

Administration of pain meds prior to a painful procedure or event to prevent the establishment of pain

Question 12

What drugs act at transduction

Answer 12

(Sensory cells - superficial)

Corticosteroids
Opioids
Local anes
NSAIDS

Question 13

What drugs act at transmission

Answer 13

(Along nerves)

Alpha 2s
Local anesthetics

Question 14

What drugs act at modulation

Answer 14

(Spinal cord - windup)

Local anesthetics
Opioids
NSAIDS
NMDA
Alpha 2

Question 15

What drugs act at the level of perception

Answer 15

(Brain)

Benzodiazepines
Alpha 2s
Anesthetic agents
Opioids