Anticholinergics Flashcards
Effects of anticholinergics
Tachycardia ❤️
Dry mouth 👄
Mydriasis (pupil dilation)
Urinary retention
Ileus (intestine muscles not contracting properly)
What drugs are anticholinergics
Atropin
Glycopyrrolate
What are anticholinergics used for
To treat/ prevent bradycardia & increase vagal tone
Decreases salivary secretions
How do anticholinergics work?
They block acetylcholine (ACTH) receptors at muscarinic receptors
Atropin: onset & duration
Onset: 1 min IV
Duration: 60-90 min
Glycopyrrolate: onset & duration
Onset: 5 min
Duration 2-3 hrs
Routes of anticholinergics
IV
IM
SQ
IT ( intratracheal )
How are Atropin & Glyco different
Atropin - rapid onset, approved to use in most domestic species
Glyco - longer lasting, approved for use in dogs and cats
Are anticholinergics controlled
No
Are anticholinergics reversible
No
Do anticholinergics provide analgesia?
No
How do anticholinergics change secretions
They change the quality of saliva (thicker) & can block airway
Cats & cattle
What can both Atropin and glyco cause
Arrhythmias
Mydriasis (cats)
Corneal drying
No effect on temp
Effects of Atropin
Mild sedation
Prevents bradycardia BUT when given at low doses may induce temporary bradycardia - can induce arrhythmias & tachycardia
Mydriasis (cats)
Cornea drying
Inhibit peristalsis - horses & cattle
🐮
No effect on temp
Effects of glyco
Will not cross BBB or placenta barrier
Reduces salivary secretions
Cats may have airway blockage
Mydriasis (cats)
Corneal drying
No effect on temp
Vagal tone
The vagus nerve helps to regulate heart rate and blood pressure
