Drugs Flashcards
ARVs
Fusion - Enfuvirtide (gp 120)
NRTIs → Zidovudine, Lamivudine
NNRTIs → Delavirdine, Efavirenz
Attachment blocker → Maravirus (CCR5)
Integrase → Doltegravir and Roltegravir
Proteases → Ritonavir, Indinavir
Types of treatment failure
Virological
Immunological
Clinical
Causes of treatment
failure
Poor adherence
poor absorption
Drug interactions
Drug resistance
Choosing an appropriate
regimen in ARV.
Toxicity
Pill burden
Virological efficacy
Drug resistance
Drug interactions
Uses of ARVs
Treatment
Vertical transmission prevention
PEP
PREP
Immunomodulart against Hepatitis B
IFN
HBV DNA Polymerase Inhibitors ?(2 marks)
Tenofovir
Lamivudine
Anti Herpes DNA polymerase inhibitor
Acyclovir
Docosanol
Anti herpes protein
Synthesis inhibitors
Fomivirsen
Covid 19 therapeutics
Immunomodulant → Dexamethasone
RNA polymerase → Remdesavir
Protease inhibitor → Paxlovid
Monoclonal Antibodies → Sotrovimab
DNA Inhibitors → nucleoside and nucleotide analogues
Nucleoside → Acyclovir and Idoxuridine
Nucleotide → cidofovir
Pyrophosphate analogues
Foscarnet
Mechanism of resistance
against Acyclovir
Reduced production of thymidine Kinase
Altered TK → affinity reduced for Acyclovir
Altered DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase inhibitors
and their respective target virus
Ribavirin → influenza
Favipravir → Influenza
Sofosburir → Hep C
Remdesdevir → Covid-19
Protein Synthesis inhibitor of
CMV
Fomivirsen
Fomivirsen mechanism (anti sense oligonucleotide)
Bind complementary mRNA strand of CMV
prevent translation
stabilized to prevent degradation
Protease inhibitor mechanism
prevent protien cleavage hence blocking maturation
Examples of viruses with
their protease inhibitors
Hep C→ Simeprevir
HIV → Ritonavir
SARS COV 2 → ritonavir
Mechanism of Interferons
Cytokine with antiviral activity
Induce gene expression via JAK-STAT pathways → antiviral proteins synthesized
vital viral processes halted
Forms of IFN
Natural
Recombinant
Pegylated
MAB of Ebola and Corona?
Ebola → odesivimab
Corona → Sotrovimab
