Drugs Flashcards
what is pain
physical/electrical input coming from the body and is combined with historical and contextual factors in the brain
can be from actual tissue damage or perceived tissue damage
personal experience of pain influenced by
biological psych and social factors
central sensitization
NS changes in ways that makes it more responsive to input that would not be painful normally
nerves adapt by increasing resting levels of excitement
pain persists for longer than 3 months
how do NSAIDs work
suppress inflammation by inhibiting the COX enzyme
why use NSAIDs
good at treating pain caused by slow tissue damage such as arthritis
works well to fight pain, menstrual cramps, headaches
reduce clotting action
NSAIDS are typically not used for more than
10 days unless doc says otherwise
how does acetaminophen work
blocks pain by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandin in the CNS but not in peripheral system
reduces pain signals
T/F: tylenol acts as an analgesic and reduces fever because of anti-inflammatory or antiplatelet properties
false, no anti-inflammatory of antiplatelet properties
does acetaminophen cause GI irritations
not so often
processed through liver
using tylenol and advil together
safe
common
do not exceed prescribed dose
best to take 2-4h alternated
work differently to help with pain
topical NSAIDs
direct application to painful site to produce local-pain relieving effect which avoids whole body distribution of the drug at physiological levels
more superficial pain conditioning
ethical considerations for NSAIDs
mediate pressure from players, coach, etc.
masking the pain?
benefits of corticosteroid injections
steroid hormone
widely used to help decrease inflammation and pain by delivery of potent anti-inflammatories
concerns of corticosteroids injections
length of benefits and safety concerns that limit the frequency of use
effectiveness of intra articular therapies in OA
more effective than placebo 1-2 post injc.
4-24 little evidence
prolonged use no good
higher doses for longer treatment associated with chondrotoxicity
recommended for short term use
goal of muscle relaxants in rehab
normalize muscle excitability without profound decrease in muscle function
muscle relaxants help reduce
increased muscle tone and spasticity
do muscle relaxants work
maybe yes maybe no :)
indicated for short term in conjunction with other modalities
CBD
chemical component extracted from cannabis
benefits of CBD in athletes
rest better
reduce stress and feel better in the face of challenges
can deflate muscles after damage caused by exertion
reduce pain
opioids facts
addictive
after only 3 days of use can become addictive
people are not worried enough about addiction
what are opioids
broad group of pain relieving drugs that work by interacting with opioid receptors in cells
effect of opioids
cell releases signals that muffle perception of pain and boosts feeling of pleasure
characteristics of opiods
different strength and potency and duration of effect
enters bloodstream faster if snorted
can overdose of opioids occur even with prescribed dose
yes
consequences of opioids consumption
increased tolerance
dependence
progression to more potent drugs and methods of administration
heroin use is
part of a larger substance abuse problem
highly addictive with high risk of overdose and death
what does opioid overdose look like
respiratory issue
provide naloxone
opioid prevention
complete pain management plan (education)
realsitic expectations and goals
3-7 day supply limit
lowest dose possible
non-opioid alternatives
physician re-evaluation
refill policies
non-pharmalogical pain management strategies
modalities and massage
movement
psychosocial interventions
sleep and nutrition
how can movement help manage pain
induce an anti-inflammatory stare and activate antinociceptive pathways
isometrics helps
improve self-efficacy for managing pain and fear of re-injury
