Drugs Flashcards
Calcium chloride dosage
Calcium chloride 10% 1gm
Indication: hypocalcemia, Calcium channel blocker, mag OD, hyperkalemia
Dosage: calcium channel blocker 8-16 mg/kg IV slowly
Hypotension following calcium channel blocker- 4mg/kg
Digitalis 2mg/kg
Pediatric: 5mg/kg every 10 min
Sodium bicarb 8.4%
Indications: Metabolic acidosis, digitalis toxicity
Contras: CHF, alkalosis
Dosage: 1 meq/kg, repeat with 0.5 meq/kg
Adenosine
Slows AV node conduction, inhibiting sodium/potassium channels.
Indications: SVT
Contraindications: Second or third degree block
Dosage: 12 mg rapid IVP, followed by 20 ml flush, 2 min repeat 12 mg IVP followed by 20 ml flush
Pediatric : 0.1 mg/kg first dose
Second dose 0.2 mg/kg
Amiodarone
Blocks potassium channels which slows conduction.
Indications: Treatment or prophylaxis of vfib or unstable v-tach. Maybe used for SVT.
Contraindications: Bradycardia, Cardio shock, 2nd or 3rd block, Afib
Dosage: VF and pulseless VT 300 mg IVP, repeat of 150 IVP.
- VT w/ pulse and SVT 150 mg in 50 mL over 10 min. Repeat every 10 min
Aspirin
Indications: AMI prevent clotting
Contra: Known allergy, active GI bleed
Dosage: up to 324 mg chewable tablets.
Atropine
Block parasympathetic, increasing SA node and AV node automaticity
Indications: Bradycardia
Contras: Tachycardia, Hepatic disease, Renal disease, Asthma, 2nd and 3rd degree heart blocks.
Dosage: 0.5 mg IV/IO, repeat 3-5 min maximum dosage of 3mg
Glucose paste
Must be conscious 15gm per tube
Valium (Diazepam)
Benzo: Amnesic effect, hypnotic, muscle relaxant.
Indications: Seizure, Premed for cardioversion,
Contra: Alcohol intoxication, Pregnancy,neonates
Dosage: 5mg IV/IM/IO/IN slowly, may repeat after 2 min. Max dose of 10mg
Cardizem
Inhibits the influx of calcium ions, slows AV nodal conduction.
Indications: Afib, aflutter, SVT
Contras:2nd or 3rd degree block, Severe hypotension, Ventricular tachycardia.
Dosage: 0.25 mg/kg IV/IO every 5 min max dose of 0.25 mg/kg. May repeat in 15 min with 0.35 mg/kg IV over 2 min.
Benadryl
Antihistamine and sedative effects
Indications: Allergies, Sedation
Contras: Not to be used on Newborns, not to be used in lower resp tract problems like asthma.
Dosage: 50mg IV/IO or 50mg IV lateral thigh. May require up to 100 mg.
Pediatric: 1mg/kg IM or IV slow IV. Dilute amount in 9ml of normal saline
Dopamine
Stimulates beta and alpha receptors.
Indications: treat shock, improve perfusion and increase cardiac output.
Contra: Hypovolemic shock
Dosage: Street method weight in pounds drop the last number and subtract 2. 150lbs= 15-2= 13 drops per min. Start at 5 mcg/kg/min and titrate to effect up to 20 mcg/kg/min
Zofran
Blocks serotonin receptors found in the GI system.
Indications: Nausea and vomiting
Contra: Prolonged QT interval
Dosage: 4mg PO, 4mg IV push over 3 min or IM lateral thigh. May repeat after 10 min. Max 8mg.
Ped: less than 40kg 0.1mg/kg slow over 2-3 min. Do not repeat
Morphine
Narcotic analgesic, depresses CNS and decreases pain. Decreases venous return, and produces mild vasodilation, decreases myocardial demand.
Indications: Pain MI, Pain from isolated fracture, burns, kidney stones, abdominal pain
Contras:Hypovolemia, hypotension, Head trauma (relative), Acute asthma, Acute alcoholism.
Dosage: 5mg slow IV may repeat 5-10 min. Max dose 10mg. Can give IM.
Narcan
Inhibits the opiates receptors sites.
Indications: Opiates reversal with respiratory depression
Contra: Hypersensitivity to narcan
Dosage: 2mg IV/IO/IM or IN. Should not exceed 10mg . Fentanyl may require larger dosage
Ped: 0.1 mg/kg
Versed
Short acting benzo, CNS depressant, sedative and lack of recall.
Indications: Seizure, Premedicate cardioversion, short term agitation relief, Cocaine intoxication, severe muscle spasm.
Contras: Acute alcohol intoxication, pregnancy, neonates
Dosage: 5mg IV/IO/IM or IN. Max dose 10 mg.
Ped: 0.1 mg/kg max dose 4mg. IV/IO/IM or IN. For IN split the dose in half for each nostril.
